Table Of Contents

1. What is the Correfoc or Firerun?
   • The Tabalada
2. History
3. When Does Correfoc Take Place?
   • La Mercè Festival
   • Sant Joan Festival
   • Festa Major de Gràcia
4. Safety and Participation

What is the Correfoc or Firerun?

The Correfoc, or fire run, is a thrilling event where streets or town squares are plunged into a dramatic display of fire and pyrotechnics. Participants, known as “diables” (devils), dress in elaborate costumes and masks and carry pitchforks and other devices that shoot sparks and fireworks.

Often, these devils are little children, which might come as a surprise, but since this tradition is passed on through generations, kids must take part even from an early age.

Correfoc Effigies

The “devils” carry around effigies during the Correfoc, which often take the form of grotesque and fantastical creatures, such as dragons, demons, and other mythical beasts. These effigies are designed to shoot fireworks from various points, creating a dramatic and fiery spectacle as the devils dance and parade through the streets.

The Tabalada

The events almost always begin with the “tabalada,” a drumming performance that sets the pace and builds anticipation. As the drumming reaches a crescendo, the diables emerge, and the Correfoc begins. The drummers walk through the streets with the devils, creating the most rhythmic beats to match the bangs of the fireworks.

History

The origins of Correfoc can be traced back to medieval Catalonia. It evolved from the traditional “Ball de Diables” (Devil’s Dance), which depicted the eternal struggle between good and evil. Initially performed during religious and community celebrations, these performances involved characters representing devils, angels, and other mythological figures. Over time, the fire elements were incorporated, giving birth to the modern Correfoc. The Correfoc also serves as a symbolic representation of the triumph of light over darkness, good over evil.

When Does Correfoc Take Place?

La Mercè Festival

Correfocs, or “fire-runs,” typically take place in Barcelona during major festivals. The Barcelona La Mercè Festival is the city’s largest and most vibrant annual celebration, honouring the patron saint, Our Lady of Mercy (La Mercè). The festival spans several days around the end of September and transforms the city into a hub of cultural activities, parades, and performances. Streets and plazas come alive with traditional Catalan festivities, including the Castellers (human towers), sardana dances, and the iconic Correfoc, which is one of the highlights and usually takes place on one of the evenings during the festival.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Afar (@afarmedia)

Sant Joan Festival

The Sant Joan Festival, which is celebrated in late June, marks the summer solstice and is one of the most anticipated and vibrant events in Spain. Known as the “Night of Fire,” the festival is characterized by its exuberant atmosphere, with fireworks, bonfires, and parties taking center stage. Locals and visitors gather on the beaches, streets, and public squares to celebrate this ancient tradition. The evening is filled with fireworks and the sight of flames as people light bonfires and the Correfoc’s fireworks erupt throughout the town squares and beaches across Spain.

Festa Major de Gràcia

The Festival of Gràcia, known locally as Festa Major de Gràcia, is a vibrant and community-centred celebration held every August in the Gràcia neighbourhood of Barcelona. This week-long festival transforms the area into a kaleidoscope of colours and creativity as residents compete to decorate their streets with elaborate and imaginative themes. Each street becomes a work of art adorned with handmade decorations crafted from recycled materials, creating a whimsical and immersive experience for visitors. The festival features live music, traditional dances, parades, and various cultural activities, including the Correfoc, which unusually takes place in the morning to allow families and younger children to participate and enjoy the spectacle. The morning light also highlights the vibrant decorations and costumes, making it a unique and inclusive experience for all festival-goers.

Safety and Participation

The Correfoc is a thrilling spectacle, and safety is an integral part of this experience. Participants and spectators are advised to wear protective clothing, including hats, long sleeves, closed-toe shoes and scarves, to shield themselves from sparks. I would also highly recommend that spectators bring a pair of earplugs as the repeated bangs are thunderous, and you’ll be thankful to have them with you. If smoke bothers you, I would also recommend bringing a face mask to help with that. The organizers take extensive precautions to ensure the safety of all involved, with well-coordinated emergency services on standby. This careful balance of excitement and safety allows everyone to enjoy the fiery display without undue risk.

As the city ignites with the flames and fireworks of the Correfoc, Barcelona‘s streets transform into a fiery wonderland that leaves an indelible mark on all who witness it. This electrifying event, with its costumed devils and dazzling pyrotechnics, offers a unique glimpse into the heart of Catalan culture. Whether you’re dancing through the sparks or marvelling from a safe distance, the Correfoc is an experience that captures the essence of Barcelona’s vibrant spirit. So, embrace the fire, join the revelry, and create memories that will burn brightly in your heart and mind, never to be forgotten. Here’s to the magic and mayhem of the Correfoc and the unforgettable stories it sparks!

Happy Travels, Adventurers

The post Everything You Need To Know About Attending Barcelona’s Fiery Correfoc or Fire Run first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

Arm yourself with curiosity and bravery as we embark on this unforgettable journey through Barcelona’s darker side. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an avid ghost hunter, or simply seeking a unique adventure, this self-guided walking tour promises to be an experience that will linger in your memory forever. The shadows await, and the stories beckon…

Disclaimer

The stories you’ll encounter on this tour have been passed down through generations. As new research and modern investigations shed light on the past, these stories may fade from truth to legend, but they always embody the enduring ghost tales that continue to captivate and haunt the city’s ancient streets.

Table Of Contents

1. Map of Self-Guided Walking Tour
2. The Vampire of Barcelona
3. Mercado de La Boqueria
4. Gran Teatre del Liceu
5. Basilica of Santa Maria del Pi
6. La Baixada de Santa Eulalia
   • The 13 Tortures of Santa Eulalia
7. The Alchemist House
8. Plaça de Sant Felip Neri
   • Spanish Civil War
9. Gothic Quarter
10. El Pont Del Bisbe
11. Gargoyles of the Cathedral of Barcelona
12. Cathedral of Barcelona
13. Carrer dels Comtes
    • The Spanish Inquisition
14. Plaça del Rei 
15. Casa del Botxí

Map of Self-Guided Walking Tour

The Vampire of Barcelona

We start our tour in the centre of the eclectic and historically rich district of El Raval. El Raval has always had a reputation for being gritty and edgy. Today, people flock here for the thriving arts scene and trendy boutiques. But at the beginning of the 20th century, this neighbourhood was also where the so-called Vampire of Barcelona prowled the streets. Her real name was Enriqueta Martí, known infamously as the child killer of Barcelona. She once resided just a short distance from where we now stand.

Enriqueta Martí 

Enriqueta Martí was born in a small town just outside Barcelona in 1868. As a young woman, she moved to Barcelona, like all enterprising young women at the time, to seek an independent life. She originally worked as a nanny to a wealthy family in Barcelona. Enriqueta sold herbal remedies out of her apartment as a side job, a skill she had learned from her father, a talented herbalist. But one day, a wealthy young woman died after taking one of Enriqueta’s potions. The family employed her as a Nanny and was shocked by the revelation of her side job. While Enriqueta was never arrested, they fired her on the spot to ensure they kept their name out of the press.

With no money to pay her rent, she began working as a prostitute in a local brothel. Learning the tricks of the trade, Enriqueta eventually opened her own brothel in El Raval in 1909. From her days working as a prostitute, she knew that there was money to be made for some particularly affluent clients in trading with young girls.

The Kidnappings Begin

Dressed as an old beggar woman, Enriqueta would roam the streets in some of the poorest areas of Barcelona, where she would abduct vulnerable girls living on the street and coerce them to work in her brothel. And, while that makes her villain enough, her corruption didn’t end there. Enriqueta began calling herself a witch doctor, creating elixirs which she marketed as a cure for tuberculosis. The tuberculosis epidemic was catastrophic, with no known cure, and people were willing to try anything. And I mean anything. Enriqueta began draining the blood of the children she captured to make tonics and potions that she claimed could cure tuberculosis, which, of course, they did not. Earning her the name “The Vampire of Barcelona.“

El Raval Terrorized

The neighbourhood was terrorized by the disappearance of many young girls. One fateful day in 1912, a little girl named Teresita Guitart Congost was kidnapped. Previously, the police had been lax in searching for missing, impoverished children despite numerous reports. However, public outrage over their passive response prompted them to act, mainly to appease the media. During one search, Teresita was spotted by a passerby while sitting in a window looking at the street. The police had enough sense to investigate, and when they arrived, they were horrified by what they found.

There was a terrible smell throughout the apartment, and when they opened a locked room, they discovered fifty pitchers, jars, and washbowls with preserved human remains inside. Greasy lard, coagulated blood, children’s hair, powdered bones, pots with potions, ointments, and salves made from horrifying ingredients lined the shelves. Investigators searched two of Enriqueta’s previous residences and uncovered false walls hiding more human remains, including the skull of a three-year-old child.

Enriqueta’s Murder

Enriqueta was held in Reina Amàlia jail and attempted suicide while awaiting trial. She was hospitalized and deemed unfit for trial. The public was outraged, wanting to see her executed for her crimes. Rumours circulated that some wealthy clients who purchased her potions knew about the gruesome ingredients involved and were complicit in the crimes. So when Enriqueta was murdered in prison by her cellmates, many believed the killers had been paid off by these wealthy clients to ensure their names were kept out of the press should she ever face the tribunal. Listen closely as we make our way towards the next stop to see if you can hear the ghostly cries of the nameless children who were victims of the Vampire of Barcelona.

Mercado de La Boqueria

Head to La Rambla and stand before the renowned Mercado de La Boqueria. While bustling with tourists daily, it transforms into a haunt for ancient ghosts at night. Today, a vibrant food market, this spot marked the steps to the original Convent of Sant Joseph de Barcelona, where the Barefoot Carmelites peacefully resided until a tragic turn of events.

On July 25th, 1835, several monks awoke to a strange noise from the church. It was the dead of night, and the rest of the order was asleep. Worrying it might be an intruder, they sped towards the church, but when they opened the doors, they were met by a frightful sight. Chanting loudly in the nave was a choir of skeleton monks, seemingly risen from their graves. After they finished their psalms, the living monks lit some candles and guided the spirits back to their tombs in the convent cemetery. Haunted forever by the unholy sight.

St. James’s Night Riots

Only ten days after the incident, the St. James’s Night riots took place on the church’s steps. Revolutionaries burned the monasteries and churches, and many anarchists entered the church and slaughtered all the monks inside. Were the ghostly singers trying to warn the monks of their doom? We will never know for sure. Today, people say that if you listen closely at night, you can still hear the sounds of these ghostly friars singing in front of the market.

Gran Teatre del Liceu

Walking along La Rambla, stop before the Gran Teatre del Liceu. Amazingly, the building in front of you is still standing. Why is that amazing, you might ask? Well, because it is widely rumoured that this is one of the most cursed sights in Barcelona. In the Middle Ages, this is where huge crowds would gather to watch public executions. Anyone who has researched what might cause an area to become cursed or haunted knows that powerful displays of suffering leave a mark on certain locations. And that is certainly the case here.

In the 16th century, a Trinitarian convent was built on the site, the polar opposite of an execution site. The nuns lived here in relative peace for a time, but in 1835, on that same fateful night, as the Saint Joseph Convent was destroyed, this building was also burnt down. Trapping all the nuns inside to suffer an abysmal fate.

Destroyed by Fire

After the riots subsided, the newly cleared spaces on La Ramblas became prime locations for new developments. Entrepreneurs seized the opportunity to construct the Gran Teatre del Liceu, completed in 1847. However, it wasn’t long before the theatre faced a similar destructive fate as the previous convent. Legend has it that the ghosts of the nuns who perished in the fire were upset to find their sanctuary replaced by a theatre, which the church at the time considered a sinful place. These nuns would likely have been displeased with their new ‘landlords’ for desecrating their sacred space.

In 1861, the Liceu Theatre, then Europe’s largest opera house with 3,500 seats, was destroyed by fire. It was rebuilt, but tragedy struck again in 1893 when an anarchist set off two bombs on the season’s opening night, killing twenty people and severely damaging the new stage and seats. The most recent fire occurred in 1994, ignited by a spark that landed on a curtain during routine repairs. It remains unclear whether the ghosts of past tragedies are appeased or if another major fire is imminent…

Basilica of Santa Maria del Pi

Walking east from La Rambla along Carrer del Cardenal Casañas brings you to the tranquil Plaça del Pi, dominated by the imposing Basilica of Santa Maria del Pi with its towering 54-meter spire that attracts ghost hunters. Inaugurated in 1453, the church wasn’t completed until 1497 due to significant construction challenges, including frequently falling bricks and severe financial strains on the architect. Desperate, the architect allegedly struck a deal with the devil, trading his soul for help from the Devil to complete the tower. The architect agreed that the devil could claim his soul upon finishing the 100th step inside the tower. Construction then proceeded without further issues.

However, the architect cunningly halted construction at the 99th step, never completing the tower in his lifetime. He grew old and passed away before the tower could be finished. After his death, his sons continued the work and completed the tower, outsmarting the devil. Enraged at being outwitted, the devil stamped his hoof on the 99th step, leaving a mark to remind all who pass of his presence.

La Baixada de Santa Eulalia

Make your way along the Carrer de L’ave Maria and north Carrer dels Banys Nous, turning right onto La Baixada de Santa Eulalia. This street is named after one of Barcelona’s most revered saints, Santa Eulalia, but its naming stems from a grim chapter in history. It was here that a harrowing event unfolded. In 290 AD, Roman authorities were determined to suppress Christianity at any cost. Eulalia, then just thirteen years old, was known for her stubborn piety. When the governor demanded she renounce her Christian faith, she held firm, unwavering in her devotion. The governor was furious at being disobeyed by a child and sentenced her to thirteen different types of torture, one for each year of her young life.

The 13 Tortures of Santa Eulalia

Santa Eulalia endured thirteen horrific tortures as a punishment for refusing to renounce her Christianity. These tortures included imprisonment, being whipped, tearing off her skin, forced walk on burning embers, mutilation, rubbing her wounds with rough stones, branding with a hot iron, and having boiling oil and molten lead poured over her. Additionally, she was submerged in burning lime, locked in a flea-infested box, rolled down a hill in a barrel lined with sharp objects, and finally, crucified.

Despite enduring horrific tortures, Saint Eulalia remained steadfast, refusing to renounce her faith and affirming her devotion to Christianity until her final moments. Legend has it that her soul ascended to heaven accompanied by white doves upon her death, symbolizing her purity and martyrdom. This street is named after the saint and is reputed to be the location where she was tragically rolled down in a barrel.

The Alchemist House

Turn onto Carrer de Sant Sever and then right onto Calle de l’Arc de Sant Ramon. As you stroll, notice the faint outline of a door on the walls, bricked up long ago, sealing its secrets. This area was once the heart of Barcelona’s Jewish quarter. Here lived a Jewish alchemist and his daughter, known as the most beautiful girl in Barcelona. She secretly dated a handsome Christian knight, hiding the relationship from her father due to his potential disapproval until she was sure of her love.

The Poison Perfume

But the knight wasn’t so noble after all and wanted one thing and one thing alone for the girl. And we all know what that one thing is. The knight was furious when she refused him anything more than a kiss until marriage. After learning of a Jewish Alchemist nearby, the knight sought a lethal potion, claiming it was to seek vengeance for a faithless lover. Despite initial wariness, the alchemist succumbed to the allure of seven gold pieces and brewed a toxic perfume for the knight.

The knight returned the next night, secretly spraying the perfume on a bouquet and pretending to apologize to the girl. When she reached for the bouquet to smell it, she felt dizzy and asked the knight to take her home. When she recounted the incident to her father, he realized his unwitting role. Despite his desperate attempts to save her, she died in his arms. Overwhelmed with grief, the alchemist renounced magic and vanished into the woods, leaving his potions behind. Before he left, he cast a curse on the house’s door to ensure no one ever entered it again. Since then, the building has stood empty, haunted by tragedy.

Plaça de Sant Felip Neri

Walk back to the Calle de Salomó ben Adret and continue north towards the Plaça de Sant Felip Neri. Walking into this square, we are met with the definition of hauntingly beautiful. Beautiful architectural gems surround the leafy courtyard, and the central fountain bubbles in the moonlight. Facing the square is the church of Sant Felip Neri. Constructed in the 18th century, this petite Baroque church stands out from others in the city due to its stone facade riddled with bullet holes. Some are mere punctures, while others have gouged sizable portions from the building. For years, the cause of this damage fueled political speculation, but today, the truth behind the incident has come to light.

Spanish Civil War

Understanding a little about the Spanish Civil War is crucial for any visitor to Spain. From 1936 to 1939, a brutal conflict fueled by political unrest, economic struggles, and social disparities erupted. On July 17th, 1936, right-wing military officers, under General Francisco Franco’s leadership, initiated a coup against the democratically elected Second Spanish Republic. In contrast, the Republicans, comprising Socialists, Communists, and Anarchists, rallied to defend the Republic and advocate for progressive reforms.

The conflict rapidly intensified into a savage and bloody war, drawing support from foreign backers for both factions. It was characterized by fierce battles, atrocities, and devastating aerial bombardments. One particularly notorious event was the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica by German and Italian planes, claiming the lives of hundreds of civilians and serving as the inspiration for Pablo Picasso‘s renowned painting Guernica.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Today Is Art Day (@todayisartday)

General Franco declared victory, and on April 1, 1939, he established himself as the head of the Spanish state. Inaugurating a nearly 40-year dictatorship. The Franco regime, known as Francoist Spain, lasted until Franco died in 1975, when Spain transitioned to a constitutional monarchy and began its journey towards democracy. But the scars of the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s dictatorship continue to resonate today, and we can see the visible scars of this war right before our eyes.

The Bombing of Sant Felip Neri

During Franco’s rule, widespread propaganda falsely attributed the church’s damage to anarchist firing squads executing priests in the yard. However, a glance at the walls reveals the holes are too substantial for mere bullets. The truth is that on January 30th, 1938, Franco’s air force dropped a bomb on the city, likely at the very spot you stand. Many sought refuge in places like this church during the war, including a group of children tragically killed when the bomb struck, claiming 30 young lives. Rescuers rushed to save those trapped inside, but another bomb detonated, killing twelve more. A bronze plaque in the square memorializes the victims, evoking a chilling reminder of the dark history etched into these walls.

Gothic Quarter

Follow Carrer de Montjuïc del Bisbe as it winds its way into the heart of Barcelona’s Gothic Quarter, also known as Barri Gòtic in Catalan. This historic neighborhood, Barcelona’s oldest, is a maze of narrow, twisting streets, hiding Roman ruins dating back over 2,000 years to the Roman settlement of “Barcino.” Despite its Roman origins, the neighbourhood is famous for its Gothic architecture, boasting numerous stunning medieval buildings, churches, and cathedrals that adorn the area’s cobblestone streets today.

El Pont Del Bisbe

One of the most photographed attractions in Barcelona’s Gothic Quarter is the stone bridge crossing Carrer del Bisbe. However, this bridge holds a wealth of stories and legends! Despite its Gothic aesthetics, it was actually constructed in 1928 as part of an urban renewal initiative to link the buildings on Carrer del Bisbe Irurita. As you walk beneath the bridge, pause to look at its underside. Concealed, there is a carving depicting a skull impaled by a dagger. Well, at least some believe it’s just a carving…

Others attest that this is a real human skull. The legend says that if the dagger is ever removed from the centre of the head, the Gothic Quarter of Barcelona will collapse. Other rumours state that architect Rubió I Bellver put the skull there to express his anger towards the city planners when they rejected his initial designs. One of the lighter bits of folklore that goes along with this bridge is that if you pass under the bridge and face the skull if you make a wish, it will be fulfilled! Try it for yourself; it can’t hurt to try!

Gargoyles of the Cathedral of Barcelona

Walking towards the enormous Cathedral of Barcelona, we stroll down Calle de Bisbe and quickly stop at the Plaça de Garriga I Bachs. Standing in this small square, look at the walls of the Cathedral on the east side of the court. Take particular interest in the gargoyles carved above the windows along the walls. While gargoyles are a common sight in churches, these particular gargoyles are the subject of ancient legend.

Legend has it that during the annual Corpus Christi celebration in the Middle Ages, groups of witches gathered in the streets surrounding Barcelona Cathedral, shouting and spitting at the processioners. They did this year after year until one day, they were miraculously turned to stone, transformed into petrified monstrous figures. Serving the church for eternity as punishment for their wicked behaviour. When passing by, if it happens to be raining, make sure to glance upward and check if the gargoyles are still unleashing their torrents upon unsuspecting pedestrians.

Cathedral of Barcelona

Head into the Placita de la Seu, where you have a majestic view of the incredible Cathedral of Barcelona spread out before your eyes. Its gothic spires silhouetted in the moonlight. The Cathedral of Barcelona, officially known as the Catedral de la Santa Creu I Santa Eulàlia, is named after the Christian martyr Saint Eulalia, whom we discussed before.

Carrer dels Comtes

Make your way around the north side of the Cathedral, down the Carrer dels Comtes. Stop along the Carrer dels Comtes just before you get to the entrance of the Frederic Marés Museum. On the left side of the alley, emblazed on the wall above the first floor, is an old insignia of the Spanish Inquisition. The insignia features a cross in the center with a sword on the right and an olive branch (a symbol of “justice”) on the left. This mark would have been announced to all those passing by the Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition, and the cries of the prisoners they held captive within would have echoed throughout the narrow alley. Listen closely to see if you can’t still hear their ghostly echoes today.

The Spanish Inquisition

The Spanish Inquisition was one of the darkest chapters in Spain’s history. The Inquisition was a tribunal established by the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, in the late 15th century to enforce religious orthodoxy and combat heresy, mainly targeted at Jews, Muslims, and later Protestants. People accused of heresy, blasphemy, or witchcraft were also subjected to interrogations, torture, and public trials.

Before the Inquisition’s arrival, Barcelona was a multicultural and diverse city with a significant Jewish population. However, with the establishment of the Inquisition, many Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or face persecution and expulsion. While the Inquisition’s influence waned over time, its legacy persisted. Fear and suspicion remained deeply ingrained in the city’s psyche, affecting social dynamics and religious practices for years.

Plaça del Rei 

Continue southeast onto Baixada de Santa Clara. It is here you enter the grand courtyard of the Plaça del Rei. The name Plaça del Rei (Place of Kings) comes from its historical role as the residence of the Counts of Barcelona and later the Kings of Aragon. While the exterior is doubtlessly impressive, it hides within it a dark secret. During the Inquisition, the inquisitors sought the destruction of all things Jewish, including even their cemeteries. Look closely, as the stones from the facade are made of old tombstones stolen from Jewish cemeteries in Montjuic. 

Due to its proximity to the prisons, this square also hosted many a public execution and the infamous auto-da-fé. Auto-da-fé was a public tribunal and the final step in the Inquisition process. It consisted of a Catholic Mass, followed by a procession in which the convicted individuals, wearing tunics and pointed hats adorned with symbolic drawings representing their guilt, had their sentences publicly read aloud in the square.

Casa del Botxí

On the square’s northwest corner, a building with an arched wooden door and two small Juliette balconies stands. This was the Casa del botxí, or the Executioner’s Home. From this chilling vantage point, the executioner could have observed his victim being led up the scaffolding before he stepped out to perform his duty. The building, a stark reminder of the square’s grim past, is a testament to the horrors that unfolded here. So much pain and suffering would have been taken out on innocents in this place, and many say that you can still hear whispers and footsteps and even perhaps a shadowy figure darting off into the darkness.

This stop brings us to the end of our tour. Whether you felt a chill as you wandered through the Gothic Quarter or sensed the lingering presence of the past at an abandoned building, I hope this tour enriched your understanding of Barcelona, blending its celebrated culture with its mysterious, lesser-known narratives. As you make your way home, remember to tread softly—you might be walking alongside centuries-old secrets waiting to be rediscovered. 

Happy haunting Adventurers!

The post Barcelona’s Dark Secrets, the Ultimate Haunted Self-Guided Walking Tour first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

I spent the summer in Barcelona, and I was lucky enough to be able to spend my weekend making these little day trips and narrowed this list down to my absolute favourites. Each one lends itself to a different kind of traveller or experience. So choose the one that best suits your intentions!

Day Trip from Barcelona

1. Montserrat: Where Nature Meets Spirituality
   • How to Get to Montserrat?
   • What to do in Montserrat
2. Figueres: Surreal Art at the Salvador Dalí Museum
   • How to Get to Figueres?
   • What to do in Figueres
3. Girona: The Medieval Marvel
   • How to Get to Girona?
   • What to do in Girona
4. Tossa de Mar: The Rugged Coastline
   • How to Get to Tossa de Mar?
   • What to do in Tossa de Mar
5. Sitges: A Coastal Haven
   • How to Get to Sitges
   • What to do in Sitges
6. Tarragona: Roman History Unveiled
   • What to do in Tarragona

Montserrat: Where Nature Meets Spirituality

Located just an hour’s train from Barcelona, Montserrat is a breathtaking mountain range renowned for its unique rock formations and dramatic peaks. At the top of the mountains, nestled within its rugged landscape, lies the spiritual centre of Montserrat, the 11th-century Monastery.

How to Get to Montserrat?

From Barcelona, the Montserrat train station is only an hour-long journey. You have several options from the station to get to the top of the mountain. The most impressive is the cable car, which launches you into the air for an aerial view of Montserrat. This provides a different perspective of the mountain’s geological formations and is a thrilling experience. You can also choose to take a funicular railway ride or hop on the rack railway. I found the cable car to be the most direct way up and was also one of the faster ways to make the journey.

What to do in Montserrat

There are so many different things to do here; you’ll want to ensure you arrive as early as possible to fit in all the summit’s different activities.

Hiking

Upon arriving at the summit of the mountain, there are many different activities. Montserrat is a hiker’s paradise with numerous well-marked trails catering to all levels of hikers. Even if you just want to go for a 20-minute hike, there are options there for you that allow you to explore even a hint of the rugged terrain and winding pathways that open up to breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside and iconic rock formations. One of the shorter hikes takes you to see the Cross of Sant Miquel, which offers stunning panoramic views of the monastery below and the surrounding landscape. It’s a peaceful spot for reflection and taking in the natural beauty.

Montserrat Monastery

The Montserrat Monastery, also known as the Santa Maria de Montserrat Abbey, is a religious and cultural landmark. Walking into the courtyard before the monastery, you can marvel at the combination of architectural styles spanning several centuries. While its origins date back to the Romanesque period, it has undergone various renovations and additions, incorporating Gothic and Renaissance elements. The buildings are made of stone and blend harmoniously with the surrounding landscape.

Basilica of Montserrat

The Basilica of Montserrat is filled with incredible stained glass windows, ornate altars, and religious artwork. The most important thing to see inside is the famous Black Madonna statue, also known as “La Moreneta,” which is a revered icon in Catalonia and a major pilgrimage site. It is believed to have been carved in the late 12th century, though the exact date and artist are unknown. 

La Moreneta

The statue is called “La Moreneta” because of the dark colour of the Virgin Mary’s skin and the infant Jesus, giving them their distinctive appearance. According to legend, in the year 880, the statue was discovered by shepherds in a cave on the Montserrat mountain. The shepherds saw a bright light and heard angelic music from the cave. When they investigated, they found the Virgin Mary and the Child statue. Despite their attempts to move it, the statue remained in the cave, leading them to believe it was divinely placed there. The statue’s discovery led to the Montserrat Monastery’s founding in 1025. The statue became a focal point of worship and pilgrimage at the newly established abbey. The statue has been associated with numerous miracles and acts of divine intervention throughout the centuries, further strengthening its significance.

Escolania de Montserrat

When you arrive, check at the information desk what time the Escolania de Montserrat will be performing. The Escolania de Montserrat, or young boys choir, has a long and prestigious history dating back to the 13th century, making it one of the oldest choirs in Europe. The choir school’s mission was to provide a musical education to young boys while also serving the liturgical needs of the monastery. These young choristers, known as “Escolans,” receive a comprehensive musical education at the monastery. They often come from various parts of Catalonia and beyond. The Escolania de Montserrat performs daily, offering their angelic voices during the midday liturgical services, which is a highlight for visitors to the monastery.

*Note: the boy’s choir is off on vacation during August.

Museum of Montserrat

I was surprised to find the Museum of Montserrat at the top of the mountain. Despite its smaller size, it is a powerhouse of renowned artists like El Greco, Picasso, and Dalí. In addition, you’ll find a collection of religious art consisting of paintings, sculptures, and jewel-encrusted liturgical objects. Many of these pieces are of exceptional quality and historical significance.

Marketplace

Every day, farmers from the local area drive up to the summit of the mountain to sell traditional Catalan delicacies. You can find delicious local cheeses and honey sold by some of the most passionate growers.

Figueres: Surreal Art at the Salvador Dalí Museum

Figueres is a charming town located in the northeastern region of Catalonia. While Figueres has a well-preserved historic town center with charming narrow streets, historic buildings, and picturesque squares, most visitors mainly come here to have their minds blown inside the Salvador Dalí Museum. 

How to Get to Figueres?

Figueres is located 140 km northeast of Barcelona, but from Barcelona-Sants train station, you can hop on one of the highspeed Renfe trains, which takes you to Figueres-Vilafant station in just under an hour. From the train station, it is a leisurely 20-minute walk into the city centre.

What to do in Figueres

Salvador Dalí Museum

Famous surrealist artist Salvador Dalí was born in Figueres on May 11, 1904. Before his death, Dalí wanted to give something back to his hometown and took it upon himself to create the Dalí Theatre Museum. Dali chose the old bombed-out Municipal Theatre of Figueres to build his new museum. The building had a lot of meaning to the painter. He had been baptized just next door, had his very first art exhibition in the theatre, and was such a theatrical painter that building his museum on those grounds seemed most fitting. 

The museum opened in 1974 and showcases the artist’s whimsical and imaginative works, including paintings, sculptures, and installations that challenge our reality. The museum includes a series of rooms that showcase Dalí’s surreal imagination. Visitors can explore labyrinthine corridors, cryptic symbols, and optical illusions that transport them into the artist’s eccentric world.

Dalí’s Crypt

A glass geodesic dome cupola is above the old stage inside the former theatre. The dome lets light pour into the room, creating the most ethereal effect. The light is centred around a rectangular panel on the floor, which is nameless but is actually Dalí’s final resting place, as his grave can be found in a crypt beneath the stage floor.

The Mae West Room

One of the museum’s highlights is the Mae West Room, where visitors can view a living room set designed to look like the face of the famous actress Mae West. By viewing the room from a specific point, the furniture forms the facial features of Mae West.

Paintings and Murals

Throughout the museum, you’ll find many iconic paintings by Dali, but my favourite is Galatea of the Spheres. This painting is a loving portrait of Dali’s wife, Gala, but only comprises these fragmented spheres. Today, the picture sits on an easel that once belonged to French Classicist painter Meissonier.

Another iconic part of the museum is the murals that Dali painted. These images are distorted visions of the world, in forced perspectives, many of which tell allegorical stories from the life of Dali himself. This is just one example of the profoundly personal nature of this museum.

Figueres Historical Walking Tour

After exploring the museum, take a self-guided stroll through the charming streets of Figueres, where you’ll find quaint cafes and shops. It’s an opportunity to immerse yourself in the essence of Dalí’s birthplace and gain insight into the life of this renowned surrealist artist. 

Girona: The Medieval Marvel

Girona is a picturesque medieval town in the Catalonia region of northeastern Spain. It is renowned for its well-preserved historic center, characterized by winding cobblestone streets, ancient stone buildings, and a rich cultural heritage. Girona gained international recognition when it was featured as a filming location for the popular TV series “Game of Thrones,” where it stood in for the fictional city of Braavos. The stairs outside the cathedral were also used in exterior shots for scenes inside King’s Landing.

How to Get to Girona?

From Barcelona, you can hop on a 40-minute train ride that will transport you to the medieval wonderland of Girona! The train ride is a beautiful journey through the Catalonian countryside.

What to do in Girona

Old Town

Girona boasts a history that dates back to Roman times, and its medieval roots are still very much evident in its architecture and layout. The town has been influenced by various civilizations, including the Romans, Moors, and Franks, each leaving their mark on the town’s culture and architecture. The Old Town (Barri Vell) is the heart of Girona, enclosed within ancient city walls. The old town is a labyrinth of narrow streets, plazas, and historic buildings. Visitors can explore the Jewish Quarter and the Museum of Jewish History, one of the best-preserved in Europe.

Gothic Cathedral of Girona (Catedral de Santa Maria)

The cathedral is an iconic symbol of Girona and a stunning example of Gothic architecture. It features a grand staircase, a remarkable nave, and the widest Gothic nave in the world.

Visitors can climb the cathedral’s bell tower, known as the “Girona Cathedral Tower,” which offers panoramic views of the town and surrounding countryside.

Tossa de Mar: The Rugged Coastline

For those craving dramatic coastal scenery, Costa Brava is a day-trip paradise. This region is famous for its rugged cliffs, hidden coves, and crystal-clear waters. One of the best towns to visit in the Costa Brava from Barcelona is Tossa de Mar. This picturesque coastal town is renowned for its stunning Mediterranean beauty, historical charm, and vibrant cultural scene. 

How to Get to Tossa de Mar?

The fastest and easiest way to get to Tossa de Mar is to hop on the #2 bus from Barcelona’s Estacio del Nord. The bus takes just over an hour to arrive outside the Tourism office.

What to do in Tossa de Mar

Medieval Old Town

Tossa de Mar is often called the “Pearl of the Costa Brava” due to its exceptionally well-preserved medieval old town. The historic center is surrounded by ancient walls and towers, and it’s a maze of narrow cobblestone streets, charming squares, and centuries-old buildings. The most famous feature of the old town is the Vila Vella, a fortified area with watchtowers and battlements dating back to the 12th century.

Hiking

Surrounding Tossa de Mar are scenic hiking trails that lead you through pine forests along cliffs, and offer breathtaking views of the Mediterranean. The Camí de Ronda coastal path is a popular choice for hikers.

Beaches

The main thing that brings most people to Tossa de Mar is the beautiful beaches, each with its unique character. The main beach, Platja Gran, is a wide crescent of golden sand with crystal-clear waters, ideal for sunbathing and swimming. Nearby, you’ll find Platja d’es Codolar, a smaller, more secluded cove.

You can stroll along the Passeig de Mar, a beautiful seaside promenade lined with palm trees, restaurants, and cafes. It’s a great place for a leisurely walk, enjoying the sea breeze and savouring local cuisine.

Grab something to Eat

One of the best things to enjoy while visiting a seaside town is their dining options! Seafood restaurants serve fresh catches of the day combined with traditional Catalan flavours. Don’t miss the opportunity to try regional dishes like paella, seafood stews, and the local specialty, “romesco” sauce.

Sitges: A Coastal Haven

Sitges, often called the “St. Tropez of Spain,” is a coastal gem known for its beautiful beaches, charming streets, and vibrant nightlife. Spend your day lounging on the sandy shores, exploring the historic old town, or savouring delicious seafood at local restaurants.

How to Get to Sitges

From Barcelona-Sants train station, you can hop on an R2 train that arrives in Sitges in under an hour.

What to do in Sitges

Beaches

Sitges is famous for its sandy beaches. Some of the most popular ones include Playa de la Fragata, Playa de la Ribera, and Playa de San Sebastián. You can relax on the golden sands and swim in the Mediterranean Sea. But for me, my favourite part of a visit to Sitges is a leisurely stroll along the Passeig Maritim, a scenic promenade that runs along the coast. It’s perfect for enjoying sea views, people-watching, and stopping at beachfront cafes.

Explore the Old Town

Many people don’t spend enough time exploring the town’s historic and architectural heritage. Don’t miss the Church of Sant Bartomeu i Santa Tecla, an iconic landmark with its distinctive bell tower. The Maricel Palace and Cau Ferrat Museum are also worth a visit to appreciate art and history.

Tarragona: Roman History Unveiled

For history buffs, Tarragona is a must-visit destination. This ancient Roman city boasts a wealth of archaeological treasures, stunning Mediterranean beaches, and a blend of modern and ancient charm. The city’s seaside location adds an extra layer of charm to your day trip.

How to Get to Tarragona

Head over to the Barcelona-Sants train station, where you can get on a regional train, arriving in Tarragona in just over an hour.

What to do in Tarragona

Roman Ruins

Tarragona was once an important Roman settlement, and its historical legacy is evident in the well-preserved Roman ruins throughout the town. The most iconic site is the Tarraco Archaeological Site, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which includes the Roman walls, a circus, and various archaeological remains that offer a glimpse into the town’s ancient past.

The most impressive of all the Roman sites in Tarragona is the Roman Amphitheatre. This amphitheatre was used for gladiator contests and other public spectacles. Visitors can explore the well-preserved structure, which offers panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea.

Old Town & New Town

Tarragona’s historic center is a charming labyrinth of narrow cobblestone streets, medieval squares, and centuries-old buildings. The Cathedral of Tarragona, a beautiful Gothic-Romanesque structure, highlights the old town.

Be sure to head to the Rambla Nova, where you’ll find a bustling tree-lined promenade. This popular spot is great for shopping, dining, and people-watching.

Mediterranean Beaches

Tarragona boasts several picturesque beaches, including Playa del Milagro and Playa de la Arrabassada. These sandy shores are ideal for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports, offering stunning views of the sea.

Hopefully, this post has inspired you to plan your next Catalonian day-trip destination! From the enchanting medieval streets of Girona to the artistic wonders of Figueres and the tranquil beaches of Sitges, these picture-perfect getaways reveal a unique facet of Catalonia’s rich cultural tapestry.

Happy Travels, Adventurers!

The post The Best Day Trips from Barcelona, Picture-Perfect Getaways first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

Alternative Experiences in Barcelona

1. Admire the View at the Bunkers del Carmel
2. Explore the Trendy Gracia Neighborhood
3. Tour Casa Vicens, Gaudi's First Masterpiece
4. Discover Hidden Secrets inside the Cementiri del Poblenou
5. Go on a Pintxos Crawl in Poble-Sec
6. A Feast for the Eyes (and the Mouth) at the Mercat de Sant Antoni
7. Admire the Lush Gardens on a Hike up Montjuïc Hill
8. Uncover Spain's Funerary Rituals inside the Museum of Funeral Carriages
9. Marvel at Modernisme inside the Sant Pau Art Nouveau Site
10. Find Peace inside the Monastery of Pedralbes

Admire the View at the Bunkers del Carmel

Although the Bunkers del Carmel is definitely not a “hidden gem” anymore, its location far north of the touristy centre still makes a trip to the Bunkers del Carmel a unique experience. The Bunkers del Carmel, also known as Turó de la Rovira, was a former anti-aircraft battery from the Spanish Civil War. But after the war, the area was abandoned and taken over by graffiti artists and the rocks are all covered in vibrant street art. 

But what really makes this area so popular for tourists is the breathtaking panoramic views of the city. From the top of the bunkers, you have an incredible elevated vantage point over the entire cityscape of Barcelona. From here, you can truly admire the awe-inspiring height and splendour of the Sagrada Família.

Despite its increasing popularity, Bunkers del Carmel maintains a relatively peaceful and laid-back atmosphere. Grab some snacks and a bottle of wine, and let the colours of the skyline and waterfront amaze you. Starting May 2nd, 2023, the bunkers close at 7:30 p.m. during the summer and 5:30 p.m. in the winter. So, this is no longer the best sunset spot in the city. Keep that in mind.

Explore the Trendy Gracia Neighborhood

The Gràcia neighbourhood in Barcelona is a charming and bohemian enclave known for its artistic spirit, lively atmosphere, and strong sense of community. Stroll through the colourful streets and immerse yourself in its multicultural charm. This neighbourhood is a captivating blend of cultures, art, food, vintage shops, and countless hidden gems. You’ll find everything from cool boutiques to tucked-away art galleries, making it perfect for the curious traveller seeking authentic local vibes.

The heart of the neighbourhood can be found in the Plaça de la Vila de Gràcia. This square is a bustling hub where locals and visitors converge. It features a lovely clock tower and a variety of restaurants, cafes, and shops. It’s a perfect spot for people-watching and enjoying a meal or a drink. Hit up News & Coffee for your morning brew if you come early. For some vermuth and tapas, stop in at Nou Candanchú.

Festa Major de Gràcia

Gràcia is famous for its annual neighbourhood festival, Festa Major de Gràcia, held in August. During this time, streets in the neighbourhood are adorned with imaginative and artistic decorations, and there are numerous cultural events, concerts, and activities to enjoy. You CANNOT miss this event if you’re in town during the festival.

Tour Casa Vicens, Gaudi’s First Masterpiece

Antoni Gaudí, the iconic Catalan architect, left an indelible mark on Barcelona. But his unique and imaginative architectural creations all started here at the Casa Vicens, his earliest and most extraordinary works. Most people who come to Barcelona see his penultimate work, the Sagrada Familia. But if, on the other hand, you tour his very first commission, you’ll get to see where his true genius was first unveiled.

Casa Vicens was originally built as a summer residence for Manuel Vicens i Montaner in 1885. Casa Vicens is a testament to Gaudí’s avant-garde vision and his ability to blend various architectural styles into a harmonious and visually stunning masterpiece, including Moorish, Gothic, and Art Nouveau. Every corner of Casa Vicens is adorned with meticulous attention to detail. From the ceramic tiles on the exterior to the intricately designed interiors, Gaudí’s artistic touch is evident throughout the building. Each room is a masterpiece, showcasing his fascination with natural forms and geometrical patterns.

While many of Gaudí’s other works in Barcelona draw large crowds, Casa Vicens offers a more intimate and personal experience. It’s a chance to appreciate Gaudí’s genius without the bustling tourist masses.

Discover Hidden Secrets inside the Cementiri del Poblenou

Tucked away in the Poblenou neighbourhood lies a hidden gem that often escapes the radar of mainstream tourism—the Cementiri del Poblenou, or Poblenou Cemetery. While visiting a cemetery might seem rather morbid, I always argue that cemeteries are such a wonderful historical fingerprint. As often, cemeteries tell us so much about the living when the residents were interred. Far from being just a burial ground, this cemetery is a testament to Barcelona’s rich history, artistry, and the deep reverence the city holds for its departed souls. 

Walking through the cemetery feels like strolling through an open-air museum. Elaborate and artistic tombs and mausoleums line the pathways, each telling a unique story about the individuals or families they commemorate. Intricate sculptures, delicate stonework, and beautiful mosaics adorn many graves.

Unlike some of Barcelona’s more crowded attractions, the Cementiri del Poblenou offers a serene and contemplative atmosphere. It’s a place for quiet reflection, where you can escape the hustle and bustle of the city and find a sense of peace among the tombstones.

Go on a Pintxos Crawl in Poble-Sec

Dining on some Spanish tapas is one of the reasons many people come to Barcelona. Tapas encompasses many small dishes, including olives, cheese, chorizo, calamari, croquettes, patatas bravas and more. But one type of tapas that is unique is called pintxos. The term “pincho” comes from the Spanish verb “pinchar,” which means “to pierce” or “to stab.” This refers to skewering the ingredients onto a toothpick or small piece of bread, which serves as a base to hold the ingredients together. 

Pinchos are known for their artful and creative presentation. They are often displayed on the bar counter, and customers can choose the ones they want to enjoy. Common pinchos ingredients include cured meats (like chorizo or jamón), cheeses, olives, seafood (such as shrimp or anchovies), vegetables, and sometimes even small portions of hot dishes like tortilla española (Spanish omelette).

Since pinchos are so small, one of the most popular ways to eat them is hopping from bar to bar, trying out their unique creations along with a small beer or vermuth, and heading on to the next one. Career de Blai, a street in the Poble-Sec neighbourhood, is a hub of pinchos bars. Try Pincho.j, Blai 9, Koska Taberna or Blai Stop to try some pinchos for yourself!

A Feast for the Eyes (and the Mouth) at the Mercat de Sant Antoni

While the most popular tourist market in Barcelona is the Mercat de la Boqueria on La Rambla, if you’re looking for a market that is just as bustling but perhaps a little more off the tourist track, head to Mercat de Sant Antoni. Although a few locals might still shop at the Mercat de la Boqueria, few are willing to fight past the tourists. So, if you’re looking to shop where the locals shop, come here!

Nestled in the vibrant neighbourhood of Sant Antoni, the Mercat de Sant Antoni offers a sensory explosion of colours, flavours, and aromas. This historic market, recently restored to its former glory, has been open since 1882. The market’s modernist architecture is a sight to behold. The building’s iron structure, stained glass windows, and ornate details are a testament to the architectural brilliance of the time. 

The market is a treasure trove of culinary delights. You’ll find many fresh produce, meats, seafood, cheeses, and a kaleidoscope of fruits and vegetables. Beyond the traditional market stalls, Mercat de Sant Antoni also hosts several Bar Cafeterias where you can sit at the counter and sample tapas, seafood, and local specialties. It’s the perfect place to indulge in Catalan cuisine and taste authentic flavours.

Sunday Book Market

If you’re lucky enough to come on a Sunday, you’ll find the market surrounded by a series of popup tents. Underneath hides a bustling secondhand book market. Book lovers can browse through stacks of vintage books, magazines, and collectibles, adding a literary touch to the market experience.

Admire the Lush Gardens on a Hike up Montjuïc Hill

For a touch of history and nature, consider a hike up Montjuïc Hill. Now, be aware that Barcelona can get very hot in the summer, so you’ll want to do this hike early in the day or after the sun goes down in those hot and humid summer months. While I call this a “hike,” I think it would merely be considered an uphill walk for many, but this just means it is an achievable endeavour for all fitness levels.

Montjuïc Hill, often called the “Jewel of Barcelona,” overlooks the city and the vast Mediterranean Sea. The best place to start the walk is the Jardines del Teatre Grec in the Poble-Sec neighbourhood. Continue along the path towards the Miró Foundation. You can walk through a series of Barcelona’s finest beautifully landscaped gardens!

Montjuïc Castle

Go through the Jardins de Joan Brossa towards the Jardins del Mirador. Each little vignette features a variety of plants, sculptures, and fountains. You have an incredible look out over the city from the Jardins del Mirador. Then, you make your way west along the pathway towards Montjuïc Castle. This historic fortress dates back to the 17th century. It was initially built as a military stronghold and has served as a prison at various historical points. 

For a scenic ride back down the mountain, take the Montjuïc Cable Car. This aerial tramway connects the hill to the Barcelona waterfront. You can take in some breathtaking views of the city, the sea, and the hill as you look back towards it. It’s a nice relaxing reward after an afternoon of exercise.

Uncover Spain’s Funerary Rituals inside the Museum of Funeral Carriages

The Museu de Carrosses Fúnebres (Museum of Funeral Carriages) is one of the most unconventional museum in Barcelona! The Museu de Carrosses Fúnebres provides a unique and thought-provoking glimpse into the city’s funerary history. You will walk through the evolution of funeral customs over the centuries. It’s a place where visitors can gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and social aspects of Barcelona’s past. And explore an aspect of history that is often overlooked but undeniably significant.

The museum houses a collection of historic funeral carriages and hearses in Barcelona and the surrounding region. These carriages, some of which date back to the 18th and 19th centuries, are beautifully preserved. The carriages on display are often works of art in their own right. They feature intricate details, ornate decorations, and craftsmanship that reflect the artistic styles of their respective eras. I truly wish we still had this beautiful carriage at funerals today! What a beautiful way to honour the dead.

Marvel at Modernisme inside the Sant Pau Art Nouveau Site

The Sant Pau Art Nouveau Site, also known as the Recinte Modernista de Sant Pau, was my absolute favourite thing I saw the first time I came to Barcelona. And I’ve spent the last five years encouraging every single person I know to make their way there! The Sant Pau Art Nouveau Site was designed by architect Lluís Domènech i Montaner. And today it is considered a masterpiece of Catalan Modernism. Originally built for the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in 1930, the design of the complex was meant to make patients feel at peace in this beautiful, uplifting and serene environment. While also being surrounded by state-of-the-art medical care. It was the first of its kind and remains a unique concept for medical care facilities.

The complex is adorned with exquisite Art Nouveau details, including intricate mosaics, stained glass windows, colourful ceramics, and sculpted figures. Curved lines and decorative elements cover every surface, a departure from traditional architectural styles. 

The complex’s architecture incorporates various themes and symbols, such as floral motifs, religious symbolism, and references to nature. Each pavilion and building within the site has its own unique character and design, contributing to the overall grandeur of the complex. This place is not to be missed, but time and time again, I see people overlooking this spot in favour of the nearby Park Guell or less impressive Gaudi residences. Trust me, this one is well worth your time and money.

Find Peace inside the Monastery of Pedralbes

The Monastery of Pedralbes is hidden in Barcelona’s residential Les Corts neighbourhood. Even in the dense tourist summer months, when I visited the monastery, it felt like I was the only one there. There were probably a few dozen people in reality, but it is such a grand place that you always had parts of it to yourself!

The Monastery of Pedralbes was built between 1294 and 1326! And yet, it had been so magnificently preserved that in no way does it feel like it could be that old but in that great shape. The building is an outstanding example of the Catalan Gothic style, characterized by its graceful arches, pointed vaults, and intricate stonework.

The monastery was founded by Queen Elisenda de Montcada in 1326 as a place for the Order of Saint Clare, also known as the Poor Clares. When Queen Elisenda commissioned the monastery, she also had a small palace built nearby as her husband was in failing health, and she wanted a place to live after she became a widow. One of her favourite places to come, pray and even perhaps live was the serene monastery courtyard and gardens. The courtyard features a picturesque central fountain, surrounded by medicinal plants that were used to help treat many illnesses in medieval times.

Hopefully, these less frequented experiences allow you to sere a different side of the city! Venture off the beaten path, explore the city’s lesser-known wonders, and make unforgettable memories. Barcelona’s alternative charms are waiting to be uncovered, so what are you waiting for? ¡Vamos!

The post The Ultimate Guide to the Best Alternative Experiences in Barcelona first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

This summer, while living in Barcelona, I had the chance to review Art Ticket Barcelona. And I must say this pass is the perfect thing for any art lover. If you plan on visiting any three of Barcelona’s premiere museums listed on the Art Ticket Barcelona, then you’ve already paid for the pass in one go. And with the pass, you might be pushed to discover some museums and galleries you might never have thought of seeing before. But many of these might open your eyes to works of art you will come to have a deep appreciation for.

Table Of Contents

1. About the Art Ticket BCN
2. #1. Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya
3. #2. Fundació Joan Miró
4. #3. Museu Picasso
5. #4. The Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona
6. #5. The Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona
7. #6.

About the Art Ticket BCN

Barcelona Art Passport invites you to take a fascinating journey through the art at the six best museums in Barcelona. Discover the finest collection of Romanesque mural paintings in the world, enjoy Modernisme and be surprised by the most contemporary art and creation at the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, the Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona and the Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona. The universes of Miró, Picasso and Tàpies await you as you embark upon this unique experience. The most obvious benefit of these passes is that you will save 45% off the normal admission price. But you also get to skip the line, which can be a real-time saver, especially in the busier summer months. The pass is also valid for 12 months, so if you plan on returning, it is easily spread out over a longer period.

How it Works

The best way to purchase the Articket is online. Once you’ve purchased your ticket online, simply exchange it for your Barcelona Art Passport at the ticket desk of any Articket museum. Then enjoy the experience of seeing the best art in Barcelona!

As someone who loves pieces of ephemera, I was so gleeful when I saw them stamp my actual art passport in each museum I visited. I loved collecting all the stamps as we went!

If you’re unfamiliar with some of the museums and galleries on this list and are considering buying the pass, I’ve given you all the details about each museum. As well as some of my favourite artworks in each space. This piece better helps you understand the culture and history of the Catalan people, as well as the artistic movements that put Spain and Barcelona on the map!

#1. Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya

The Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya sits in the towering Palau Nacional that looks over the city like an artful guard tower. The Palau National was the piece-de-resistance of Barcelona’s 1929 International Exhibition, so even just visiting the museum building itself is an experience. The Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya is the largest museum in Barcelona. It exhibits the world’s finest collection of Romanesque murals. Included in the collection are some fantastic paintings by influential Spanish painters El Greco and Diego Velázquez. It is also a wonderful place to visit to see beautiful examples of Catalan Modernism, with works by Gaudí. To end the experience, head to the roof, where you can enjoy 360º views of Barcelona.

Frescos of Church of Sant Climent de Taüll

The most important artworks to see in the museum are the Romanesque frescos. These incredibly preserved artworks from the Church of Sant Climent de Taüll were painted 1000 years ago! If they had been left in their original location they would have been lost to the ages, but art collectors and historians managed to move the fresco, by striping them off the walls and reproducing the exact same architectural details of the original churches here inside the museum. Here they will rest for ages to come in an environment which will assure their safety for hundreds of years to come. These frescoes are still as vibrant and the faces of the people painted on them still astonishingly emotive. It’s amazing to see the amount of colours used throughout and makes the world of thousands of years ago that much more amazing.

The Spanish Wedding by Marià Fortuny

Going ahead a few hundred years in Spain, we find ourselves in the middle of Catalan Modernism. Marià Fortuny is one of the most important Spanish artists of his era. He is best known for his incredibly detailed paintings, which provide an almost photo-realistic view of what life would live looked like in Spain in the 1800s. In this painting, we see the scene of a wedding party assembled to sign a wedding contract. Surrounding the group are textiles and furnishings which give us a glimpse in the styles popular at the time. Seated to the right of the wedding party are lower class groups of lower class people, highlighted with a bull-fighter in full regalia.

Address: Parc de Montjuïc, 08038 Barcelona
Hours: From 10 am to 6 pm, from Tuesday to Saturday.
Until 8 pm, from May to September.
From 10 am to 3 pm, Sunday and public holidays.
Closed: Mondays (except public holidays), Jan 1st, May 1st, Dec 25th

#2. Fundació Joan Miró

The Fundació Joan Miró is an internationally renowned museum where visi­tors can enjoy and learn more about Joan Miró. Joan Miró’s imaginative and abstract art, characterized by playful shapes, vibrant colours, and dreamlike symbolism, blurs the lines between reality and fantasy, incorporating elements from his Catalan heritage and personal experiences. He was a pioneer in surrealism and contributed significantly to 20th-century modern art. 

The Fundació is an exceptional building designed by the architect Josep Lluís Sert. It stands inside the Parc de Montjuïc, and you can enjoy magnificent views over Barcelona. So even a trip up here will provide you more than just a visit to a museum but also a fantastic view of the city.

Catalan peasant in the moonlight

Catalan Peasant in Moonlight evokes two recurring themes within Miró’s body of work: the connection between humanity and the earth, symbolized by the peasant figure, and the mystical allure of the night, represented by the moonlight. The fusion of man and the earth becomes evident through the shared use of the colour red, both for the peasant’s face and the exposed portions of the landscape. However, in Miró’s artistic universe, the boundaries between sky and earth blur, highlighting their interdependence. This interplay results in a harmonious exchange: the peasant’s attire adopts the hues of the night, while the sky assumes the tones of the field. Additionally, the moon’s shape hints at a sickle, imparting a poetic layer of meaning to the scene.

Pair of Lovers Playing with Almond Blossoms

During the 1970s, Miró began to explore larger and more ambitious sculptural projects, receiving notable commissions for outdoor pieces, which he enthusiastically embraced. Pair of Lovers Playing with Almond Blossoms embodies a minimalist approach, featuring simple shapes adorned with vibrant colours, suggesting that the larger sculpture closely adhered to the smaller original model. The artwork portrays two abstract figures within an enigmatic, perhaps surrealist, realm.

One figure is a tall cylinder with yellow and reddish sections, crowned by a blue spherical shape embellished with prehistoric-style abstract motifs imbued with symbolic significance. The second figure is a tall structure with a pointed blue element leaning away, accented by a red, claw-like feature around its midpoint. This element could be interpreted as a hand reaching out to catch the ball perched atop the other figure, though further exploration is required for a definitive interpretation.

Address: Parc de Montjuïc s/n, 08038 Barcelona
Hours: Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday, from April to October, from 10 am to 8 pm
Thursday, from 10 am to 9 pm
Saturday, from 10 am to 8 pm
Sunday and public holidays, from 10 am to 3 pm
Closed: Mon (except public holidays)

#3. Museu Picasso

The Museu Picasso of Barcelona is the reference centre for Pablo Picasso’s formative years. The 4,355 works of the Muse­um’s permanent collection reveal the genius of the young artist. The Picasso Museum of Barcelona is filled with a piece of Picasso’s work before he discovered Cubism, but many of which lend hints of what’s to come. Some people might be disappointed not to see any of his more famous pieces, but I think this collection is unique and truly personal to this city. We’ve all seen, at least in photographs, most of Picasso’s classic paintings, but these hidden gems are something you’ll only find in Barcelona. And they give us a glimpse of a young, burgeoning Picasso.

Science and Charity

At first glance, Science and Charity looks like it was painted by Goya or Fortuny. You’d never have imagined that a painting with such attention to realistic detail and subtle tones would be from the same man who later was defined by primitive geometric shapes and powerful colours. As a child, Picasso was a prodigy, and his father encouraged him to enter this piece into a competition, launching his career into the stars, where it would only expand from there.

Las Meninas Series

Pablo Picasso’s series of paintings based on Diego Velázquez’s masterpiece “Las Meninas” is a notable example of his exploration of art history through reinterpretation and reinvention. Picasso created a total of 58 paintings, drawings, and studies inspired by Velázquez’s iconic work between 1957 and 1961. In these reinterpretations, Picasso reimagined the characters and elements of Velázquez’s composition in his distinctive Cubist style, which he had pioneered earlier in the 20th century.

The original “Las Meninas” depicts members of the Spanish royal court, with a young princess at the center and various attendants and courtiers around her. Velázquez’s painting is celebrated for its complexity, use of mirrors, and exploration of perspective. In Picasso’s versions, he fragmented and deconstructed the figures, reshaping them into abstract and geometric forms. Faces became masks, and bodies dissolved into angular and overlapping planes. Picasso’s reinterpretations play with the viewer’s perception of space, form, and identity, challenging traditional notions of representation in art.

Address: Fundació Museu Picasso of Barcelona, Montcada 15-23
Hours: Tuesday to Sundays: 9am to 7pm (including holidays)
Thursday: until 9.30pm
Monday: 10am to 5 pm (from July 24 to September 25)
Closed: 1st Jan, 1st May, 24th June and 25th Dec.
On 24th and 31st Dec museum closes at 2.00pm.

#4. The Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona

The Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona, commonly known as MACBA, is the most prominent contemporary art museum in Barcelona. The MACBA Collection consists of artworks produced by artists from Catalonia, Spain, and around the world, primarily from 1960 to the present day. These collections encompass a diverse array of artistic mediums and materials, encompassing painting, sculpture, drawing, collage, assemblage, objects, installations, audiovisual creations, and sound recordings, among various other artistic forms and expressions.

Self Portrait, Jean-Michel Basquiat

Basquiat’s self-portrait is a highly charged piece with many influences and expressions. Basquiat himself was highly inspired by Spanish painter Pablo Picasso’s work, which is especially evident in this work. He combines dynamic use of colour and abstract forms to convey layered meanings throughout his paintings. Basquiat was one of the first “graffiti” artists to make this type of work considered “good enough” to make it into the galleries and now is considered one of the seminal artists in the neo-expressionist pop movement. The brush strokes and colours used throughout the piece convey such emotion and, in this piece, anger; it is hard to view the piece without becoming enraged yourself.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by MACBA Barcelona (@macba_barcelona)

Barrière, Jaume Xifra

Jaume Xifra was a famous Catalan Conceptual artist. In 1959, he fled to France to escape the dictatorship. And it was here in France where he would pour his traumatic experiences into a new form of art. Xifra worked with cheap materials and objects to critique the world of consumerism. ‘BARRIÈRE’ is Xifra’s commentary on the police’s control over the people. A barrier, a device supposedly used to protect pedestrians, is here covered in barbed wire. Putting the supposed pedestrians at risk and creating an even more violent separation of the people from the state.

Address: Plaça dels Àngels, 1, 08001 Barcelona
Hours: From 11 am to 7.30 pm, Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.
Until 8 pm, from June 24th until September 25th.
From 10 am to 9 pm, Saturday.
From 10 am to 3 pm, Sunday and public holidays.
Closed: Tue (except public holidays), Jan 1st, Dec 25th

#5. The Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona

The Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona (CCCB) is a vibrant cultural center dedicated to contemporary culture and the arts. It serves as a multidisciplinary space where various forms of artistic expression, including visual arts, music, literature, film, and digital culture, converge. Unlike the other museums on this list, the CCCB hosts a diverse range of exhibitions and installations that explore contemporary themes, trends, and issues. These exhibitions often incorporate innovative approaches and multimedia elements, encouraging visitors to engage with contemporary art and culture in thought-provoking ways. But the program is always changing as there is not a permanent collection.

When we visited, the exhibition on display was titled “Sade: Freedom or Evil.” This exhibition explored the contemporary cultural, philosophical, and political impact of the Marquis de Sade. De Sade’s writings are seen as both liberating and corrupting, embodying a philosophy of freedom and evil simultaneously. The exhibition delves into his influence on artists and intellectuals, as well as his role as an icon in mass culture. Although the exhibition was pretty confronting, it was by far one of the best-curated art exhibitions I have seen in years. So I can confidently say that any exhibition you come to see here is bound to be of the highest quality.

Address: C/Montalegre 5, 08001 Barcelona
Hours: From 11 am to 8 pm, from Tuesday to Sunday and public holidays.
Closed: Mon (except public holidays), Jan 1st, Dec 25th

#6.

 houses a large collection of artworks by Antoni Tàpies. And the foundation was created to promote knowledge of modern art. Many people don’t even know who Antoni Tàpies is, but learning all about him is a great way to spend a breezy afternoon. The foundation is housed in a modernist building designed by architect Lluís Domènech i Montaner. And the building is an architectural gem in its own right. 

For those unfamiliar with Tapies, he is one of the greatest Catalan artists. His father was a lawyer and Catalan nationalist who influenced his cultural and political identity. Tàpies initially studied law, but his artistic inclinations led him to pursue art at the Acadèmia Valls in Barcelona. His early works were influenced by Surrealism and Catalan artists like Joan Miró. Especially once you’ve visited the Joan Miró foundations, you can see how closely he was tied to the works of Tapies.

Earth on Canvas

Tàpies is famous for his ‘pintura matèrica’ style, where he often incorporated a wide range of materials, including found objects, mixed media, and unconventional materials like sand, string, and marble dust. àpies had a deep fascination with the materiality of art. His paintings are characterized by their textured surfaces, as he used thick layers of paint and collage elements to create tactile, three-dimensional effects.

Address: C/ Aragó 255, 08007 Barcelona
Hours: Tuesday / Wednesday / Thursday / Saturday: 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Friday: 10 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Sunday, 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Closed: Mon, public holidays, Jan 1st and 6th, Dec 25th

With so many museums to see, it’s always nice to be able to save a few bucks where you can. With Articket Barcelona, you get access to all six museums for only 38€, a savings of 45% off the normal price of admission. And with this ticket, you’ll find that you’re more inclined to visit some museums you might not have thought to see and experience something unexpected.

The post An Honest Review of Art Ticket Barcelona, A Guide to the Most Amazing Museums first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

Hours and Access

The church is located in the Pla de la Seu, right in the centre of the Gothic Quarter. To get there you can take the Metro to ‘Jaume I Station‘ on line 4. It is also easily accessible on foot if you’re already in this area of town.

The Cathedral’s opening hours for visitors are as follows:
Monday to Friday: 8 am-12:30 pm and 5:45 pm-7:30 pm.
Saturdays: 8:30 am-12:30 pm. and from 5:15 pm – 8 pm. 
Sundays and Holidays: 2:00 pm – 5:30 pm

During the rest of the time, the Cathedral is dedicated to religious worship only. Although you are more than welcome to attend, no photography is permitted during this time. You are expected to simply spend this time in respectful prayer. While there are no days when the building is officially closed if you’re visiting during a holiday its best to check their website schedule for updated visiting hours.

Admission

While entry into the Cathedral is free there are certain areas that require admission. The main nave of the cathedral and the cloisters are both accessible without a ticket. Entry into the Choir costs €3, the Terraces and lift cost €3. Alternatively, you can get these two tickets PLUS entries into the chapel and Sala Capitular museum for €7. The later is the best deal. The view from the rooftop terraces is amazing so I’d recommend it. Be warned the terrace closes 30 minutes before the rest of the church. Don’t forget about this especially if you’ve already purchased your ticket. Unless you’re visiting during the absolute peak of tourist season, you can easily buy your tickets upon arrival inside.

Tips

I visited the Cathedral twice on my first visit to Barcelona. Despite not having an issue buying a ticket, I did find that when I visited in the afternoon the cathedral was quite busy. Since it was so crowded so I returned the next day in the early morning just as it opened. This time of day is really magical. The sun rises just behind the Cathedral and the usually packed square in front of the church is full of nothing except the sound of your footsteps.

Be sure you have adequate clothing for entry which requires a modest attire; arms and legs must be covered up and no hats. I always bring a little scarf I use to cover my arms if I’m wearing a strappy top. I also carry a pair of leggings in my backpack. This is a great trick for days when it’s too hot to wear pants but you need your legs to be covered.

History

The church is dedicated to Saint Eulalia, the patron saint of Barcelona. Eulalia was a beautiful young woman who once lived in Barcelona. One day, she was attacked by a group of Roman soldiers in the square. She was persecuted for her religious beliefs and stripped naked in front of a horde of people. She was ashamed but in the middle of the summer, it began to snow, covering her naked form.

Unfortunately, this only enraged the Roman soldiers and they threw her in a barrel. They proceeded to stab the barrel with knives and rolled her down the street until she was dead. Today, that same street is also named after her as well. Her sad but powerful story is one which stuck with the people of Barcelona. This church was built in her name, “Baixada de Santa Eulàlia“. Her body was saved by her fellow Christians and is now entombed inside the Cathedral. Very poetic.

First Romanesque Church

The very first romanesque church was built here in 1058. Over the years it fell into ruins. During the Gothic period, the old church was destroyed and w new one built on its foundations. Construction began for the Cathedral of Barcelona in 1298 but wasn’t completed until 1420! That’s over 100 years! The cloisters were the last part of the church to be finished, completed in 1448. In the 19th century, a neo-gothic facade was added. It was designed with the same beautiful gothic elements of the rest of the cathedral so it seamlessly blends in. It’s so rare to find a cathedral this old which hasn’t had multiple renovations and restorations. The fact that most of the church contains art and architecture from the 15th century is such a treat to behold.

The Facade

Looking at this ornate facade, simply dripping in decorations, it’s hard to imagine that it once was nothing more than a plain exterior. Most Catalan churches built at the time featured a flat, nondescription facade. This neo-gothic marvel was built years after the initial construction of the church in the 19th century. It was designed by architect José Oriol Mestres. Mestres wasn’t an immensely popular architect, with only a few other buildings in his repertoire. Perhaps the Cathedral was his greatest accomplishment and once it was completed nothing could compare.

The stained glass windows you can see inside the towers were taken from the Renaissance exterior. The stained glass located on the lower portion of the facade are more modern interpretations. The tracery windows are some of the most ornate examples of neo-gothic design and seem to weave together like ivy or branches or a tree. The rose window, which is typical of other neo-gothic buildings, is here portrayed in a different fashion than most. Instead of a circular rose, with inside petals, the rose window here is designed without the outer portion. The petals of the rose each feature a quarterfoil symbol which spills out above the top of the rose window. This is more of the unique aspects of the neo-gothic design.

Entry Doors

One of my favourite parts of the church is the neo-gothic archivolt above the church’s entry doors. An archivolt is an ornamental band that follows the curve of the underside of an arch. Upon this archivolt are carved, 100 angels flying above your head! In the centre of the two, large wooden entrance doors is a stone sculpture of Jesus, flanked on either side by statues of the 12 apostles. 75 figures in total adorned the exterior of the facade, featuring more saints, kings and famous prophets. While the sculptures of the people are stern and noble, there are also various playful gargoyles and mythical animals which also decorated the stone walls.

Towers

The cathedral is home to three towers, two side towers and a large central cimborio. A cimborio is a classical element of Catalan architecture which is a raised dome or a cupola that acts as a lantern over the crossing of a Gothic cathedral. This cimborio is what allows natural light flood the otherwise darkened interior. A bright interior is one of the most important parts of a Gothic cathedral so the cimborio is a clutch element. The cimborio is crowned by the copper statue of Saint Helena. The family from Girona, who financed most of the cathedral’s construction in the 19th century, were devotees of Saint Helena. The family wanted to be able to see their patron saint at all times, high above the rest of the buildings in Barcelona. 

The two side tower, located over the Doors of Saint Ivoand and the Cloisters, were added in the 19th century. Each tower is adorned with two lateral pinnacles. Every inch of these towers is embellished! Leaves curls around the edges, gargoyles pop out from every corner and angel play musical instruments, a choir over the top of the city.

Doors of Saint Ivo

Before heading right into the church, walk over to the Plaça Sant Iu, on the northern side of the Cathedral. Here, on the steps of the entrance to the Museu Frederic Marès, you can study the ancient Doors of Saint Ivo. This was the primary entrance in the cathedral for over 500 years, located right under the northern bell tower. The doors are named “Saint Ivo” because, in the 15th century, Saint Ivo was the patron saint of Lawyers. Lawyers were one of the main contributors to the cathedral’s construction and as such they demanded their patron saint be honoured.

The doors were built from marble which had been brought all the way from the precious Montjuïc mountains, close to Barcelona. They were built in 1298 and have stood here untouched ever since. On either side of the columns which flank the doors are carvings of knights fighting mythical beasts. These capitals were rescued from the ruins of the ancient Romanesque cathedral. Once they were uncovered the architecture knew they needed to be incorporated in the cathedral somehow. Below these capitals is a large inscription, surrounded in floral carvings. This inscription bears the date of May 1st, 1298, the day work began on the construction of the gothic cathedral.

Interior 

The interior of the cathedral features the gothic design of a unified apse system. The two side aisle and central nave are all connected together but the aisles are distinguished from the nave by having a distinctly lower ceiling. The side naves and ambulator feature monuments and chapels dedicated to over 140 different saints! While we won’t go into all of them here I did try my best to highlight the most important ones.

Entry into the Nave

Upon entering the nave through main front doors, you’ll step directly into the grand nave of the church. You’ll be struck immediately by the warm yellow light which sets the interior all aglow. Most of the blackened parts of the decor are not from age but from hundreds of years of candle soot. Take a seat in one of the pews in front of the choir and look up at the ceiling. Along the vaults of the cathedral are 215 beautifully carved keystones which date back the 14th and 15th century. These once were covered in colours polychrome but after years of deterioration, they are now just plain carved stones.

Right above this area of the nave, we can see the keystone of Saint Martha. Other famous keystones to look out for are Jesus being crucified between the Virgin and Saint John, with the symbols of the sun and the moon. See if you can spot Saint Eulalia with the coat of arms of Blanca of Naples, covered in Fleur-de-lis. Our Lady of Mercy is seen using her cape to shelter a pope. There is a king, a cardinal, a bishop and a canon on one side, and a queen, a nun and three other feminine figure on the other side along with the Annunciation of the Virgin with the Archangel Saint Gabriel. And finally, the eternal father surrounded by angels.

Stained-glass windows

The Cathedral has many Gothic and modern stained-glass windows. The central panels depict the image of the central characters to which the piece is dedicated. The side panels feature richly coloured geometric designs, coats of arms of royal families, trefoil and quatrefoils, and sometimes even architectural features that bring a meta element to the design.

Bishop Ponç de Gualba & Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia,

The stained glass windows throughout the cathedral are from various periods in the building’s history. The earliest ones date from the 14th century and bear the coat of arms of Bishop Ponç de Gualba. These windows depict the Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia, Saint Sylvester, Saint Peter and Saint Stephen. Later in the 1400s we see stained glass windows dedicated to Saint Andrew with the coats of arms of Bishop Armengol. The most impressive of the windows, located in the bapistery chapel, was made by artisan Gil de Fontanet in 1495 and depict the Saint Michael archangel and Noli me tangere. The most recent stained glass windows, found on the facade are all from the 19th and 20the century.

It’s amazing to see that even some of the windows which are hundreds of years old, still explode with colour! This cathedral wasn’t about steering away from loud, and expressive designs. Instead it wanted to make its visitors feel powerful emotions upon stepping into this haven of light.

Chapel of the Holy Sacrament and of the Holy Christ of Lepanto

Just to the right as you enter, you’ll find a darkened chapel. At the back of the room is a golden arch, which seems radiate with light as it is the only real light source in the room. This is the chapel of the Holy Sacrament and of the Holy Christ of Lepanto. In the centre of the chapel is a beautiful, black wooden sculpture of Jesus Christ on the cross. Look closely and you might notice that Jesus almost looks like he is leaning to one side. This is because of a very famous legend from Barcelona which took place during the battle of Lepanto, in October 1571.

The Christian states of Europe all worked together in this battle to defend their land against the invading Ottoman empire. At the time, it was not only the largest naval battle in history but also the bloodiest. In just a few hours over 50,000 soldiers lost their lives. The legend goes that the crucifix we see here today was mounted upon one of the ships. As a means of protection for the soldiers. During the battle, a large cannonball shot towards the boat which carried the crucified. The soldiers claim they saw the statue, which was right in the line of fire, dodge the oncoming canon ball. This is why we still see him in this position today, in mid dodge. It’s said that the defending Habsburgs army saw this as a good omen and it was part of what propelled them to victory.

Saint Olegarius

Also located in this chapel, although only partially visible, is the tomb of Saint Olegarius. Saint Olegarius, served as bishop of Barcelona in 1116. Saint Olegarius’s body is actually one of the few saints body’s to be incorrupt. Incorruptibility is a belief that by some divine intervention a human body avoids the normal process of decomposition after death as a sign of the body’s holiness. Inside Saint Olegarius’ tomb, his corpse is still dressed in the regal bishop’s robes he wore in life. Every year, on March 6th, the tomb is opened up and visitors can gaze down into the glass casket and see the unchanged body for themselves.

Saint Chapels

There are over 28 chapels flanking the cathedral’s nave. You can find a list of all the saint chapels here if you’re looking to prayer at one in particular. Each one of the chapels is dripped in golden leaf decorations, magnificent paintings which tell stories of the saint’s life, and powerful sculptures which look out at you from the gates which separate from the holy from the mortal realm.

Chapel of Baptism & Font

Against the wall where the entry doors are located is the Chapel of Baptism. Here you’ll discover the huge marble baptismal font which has been used inside this cathedral since 1433. Behind the font is a small relief carved into the marble altarpiece of Jesus Baptising one of his disciples.

Saint Severus Chapel   

To the left of the pews in the back of the nave, you’ll find the chapel of Saint Severus. If you’re a Harry Potter fan like me, your ears will perk up upon hearing this name, as I had never heard it before those books, but it turns out, it’s a fairly old name. Saint Severus was once the bishop of Barcelona but was murdered for his beliefs in 304. Romans soldiers captured him and tortured him into renouncing his Christianity. When he refused for the final time, he was sentenced to death.

The soldiers hammered nails into his head and yet he would not die. When fellow Christians heard of his persecution they came to his aid but unfortunately, were too late. As they took him down, he died in their arms. In1405, his relics, which were previously housed in Sant Cugat, were moved to Barcelona. It was rumoured that these relics helped cure King Martin I of gangrene in his leg! You can see a depiction this event in the top right corner.

Choirstalls

In front of the first set of pews in the nave is the choirstalls. Guarding the entrance to the stall is a great stone wall with stunning carved reliefs. The depictions on the relief tell the story of Saint Eulalia and her eventual death. In between these extremely gruesome and powerful carvings are niches with statues of Catalan saints.

Order of the Golden Fleece

The interior of the choir stall is dedicated to the knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The order was founded to defend the Roman Catholic religion and to uphold the usages of chivalry. The order settled disputes, crimes and the actions of the knights of the order. If a knight was thought to have committed an offence or rebelled, they were brought to trial among their peers and not to the public justice.

The choirstall’s design is thought to be the finest example of Gothic Catalan architecture. To study the ornate canopies and pinnacles, walk around the exterior of the choir before heading inside. The walls surrounding the choir are decorated in Doric columns and crowned with an ornate balustrade.

Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece

During the first few years of the Order of the Golden Fleece there were only 20 knights but as the years went on it expanded to over 60 members. Today you can find the coats-of-arms of the knights painted onto the various seat backs inside the choirstall. Most of these were painted in the 16th century although the older looking ones were made as far back as the 14th and 15th centuries. Even each of the chairs themselves has these gorgeous little carvings of animals and minature statues on the seats. No aspect of the choirstalls was left unembellished. Inside the choir, you’ll find a wonderfully carved wooden pulpit made by Pedro Çanglada in 1403.

Chapel of Raymond of Pennafort 

On the South wall, opposite the choir stalls, you’ll find the Chapel of Raymond of Pennafort. Raymond, a strange name for a saint, is the patron saint of Catalan lawyers. One of the best parts of visiting this cathedral is learning all about the Catalan saints you won’t hear about anywhere else in the world! Raymond studied law at the University of Bologna and was one of the chief advisors to the Pope and King James I of Catalonia and Aragon. One of his miracles was said to be sailing from Sóller to Barcelona on nothing but a simple blanket!

Saint Pacian Chapel

Continuing along the south wall, you’ll come to the Chapel of Saint Pacian. Saint Pacian was bishop of Barcelona during the second half of the 4th century. He is highly regarded as one of the founding father’s of the church in Barcelona. The altarpiece inside the chapel is a baroque masterpiece made by sculptor Joan Roig from 1688. It depicts various scenes from the life of Saint Pacian and Saint Ignatius of Loyola.

The Organ

The fantastically carved organ, which hangs above the doors of Saint Ivo is truly the definition of “heavenly”. Built in 1539, the organ is designed in high baroque style. Cherubs top the pipes and Saints faces reveal themselves from the flat wooden facade.

Crypt of Saint Eulalia

Below the high alter, a set of stairs descends into the ground where you’re met with a pair of iron gates. Behind these gates, you can see a large stone tomb topped with a beautiful statue of a young woman. This is the crypt of Saint Eulalia. Her sarcophagus is adorned in gothic, polychromed alabaster and inside rest her remains. The carvings around the tomb depict the story of her martyrdom after leaving her home of Sarria at the age of 13. The scenes of her martyrdom are quite affecting and powerful, and not for the faint of heart. They show her being whipped by soldiers, and how they used a hook to tear the flesh off her body when she was nailed to the cross. Pretty gruesome, lucky you can’t see it up close really.

The carvings also show how her remains were moved to the cathedral from the Basilica of Santa María. Above the tomb, in the centre of the room, we have a statue of the Virgin Mary. On either side of her are four angels holding candles sticks. This tomb is a new incarnation from the 13th century but right behind it you can still see a piece of brokem marble from the original one. This tomb was made in 878!

High Altar

Above the tomb of Eulalia, we have the High Altar. The Altar is made of pure white marble and measures over three feet long. Above the altar hangs a grand crucifix, held up by six triumphant angels.

Ambulatory

At the east end of the cathedral, we find the ambulatory with its nine radiating chapels. These chapels are located behind high altar, raised above the crypt of Saint Eulalia below. The nine chapels located in the ambulatory are crowned with tall, glowing stained glass windows. This allows for the most heavenly, colourful light to pour over the high altar.

Rooftop

To access the roof, head towards the tower on the northern side of the cathedral. From here you take a lift to the top (you need a paid ticket) where you have a 360-degree view of the city.

The rooftop gets you up close to the various gargoyles and mythical stone creatures who call the roof their home. If you’re here anytime during the lunch hour you might have the chance to hear the bells ring. While you can hear these bells all over the city there is something so overwhelmingly awesome about hearing them so close.

Cloisters

To access the cloisters, you pass under a large white marble door. This is said to be a recovered piece from the original Romanesque cathedral built on the site in 1046. The archivolts here are decorated with geometric patterns but framed in gothic pediments.

The reliefs sculpted into the pillars of the Cloister’s arches show scenes from the Old Testament and from a legend about the Holy Cross. The keystones set into the vault depict scenes from the New Testament.

Each out of outdoor chapels here was initially dedicated to the patron saint of an institution or guild. They were built here under the protection of a specific family. Look on the floors and you can see markings of these guilds. the one below depicts a pair of scissors to represents the cloth merchants guild.

Ou com Balla

In the center of the Cloister is a garden with palm trees, magnolias, an orange tree and a fountain dating from the mid-15th century. The traditional “ou com balla” (the dancing egg) takes place right here each year for the celebration of Corpus Christi. The dancing egg was a trick the church’s acolytes would play where they would empty an egg of its insiders, then fill it with wax and seal the small hole. They could then place the egg atop the fountain’s jet and the egg would start turning without falling, and thus “dances.” 

Outside along the walls of the cloister are also several tombs embedded into the walls of the cathedral. These are of important people in the history of Barcelona such as the bronze tomb of Antoni Tallander, the royal jester, as identified by the bels that hang from his belt. There is also the tomb of the Sanllehy family  which is marked by the scenes of the burial of Christ.

Geese

In the stone confines of the cloister you might be surprised to find 13 white geese wandering around like they own the place. There are always only 13 geese, one for each of the year’s Saint Eulalia lived. They provide a sunny addition to the otherwise silent cathedral.

Capella de Santa Llúcia

At the Southwest corner of the Closters we find the quiant Romanesque chapel, built in 1257, dedicated to Santa Llúcia. Santa Llúcia is the patron saint of the blind and on December 13th, her saint’s day, you’ll see large numbers of blind people who come to pray at her chapel. Inside the chapel, you can see two ornate sepulchres containing the remains of Bishop Arnau of Gurb (from the 13th century) and Canon Francesc of Santa Coloma (from the 14th century).

This brings us to the end of the tour. Hopefully, you enjoyed exploring it as much as me and learned a little something about Catalan history along the way! Let me know what your favourite part of the Cathedral was or anything else you learned about this amazing place along the way!

The post The Ultimate Self Guided Tour of the Barcelona Cathedral first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

#1 Sagrada Familia

Gaudí’s Sagrada Familia is one of the most well-known churches from anywhere in the world, despite the fact that it hasn’t even been completed! The enormous structure is much more than just an interesting building; it’s a symbol for this city. This church was designed by artist and architect Antoni Gaudi. Gaudi’s work can be seen all across the city, but the Sagrada Familia is his piece-de-resistance. Even if you don’t know anything about the artist, or architecture in general, this stupendous church is awe-inspiring to anyone who lays eyes on it. Seeing it in person is an unforgettable experience. The building features whimsical spires reaching towards the sky, ornate stonework, and the most stained glass windows in all of Barcelona.

While the exterior of the church is impressive on its own, when you step inside, some of the interior’s most famous features reveal themselves, like opening a jewellery box. The forest-inspired columns climb like vines up to the ceiling, capped by a star-like vault. You can spend a few jaw-dropping hours just wandering around this church, finding a million different places to get gorgeous photographs. It’s truly a dream for anyone who loves a visually stunning interior.

#2 Hospital de Sant Pau

 Finding those hidden gems is getting harder and harder, but there are still a few real treasures out there. One of those places is the Hospital Sant Pau Barcelona or the Hospital of the Holy Cross and Saint Paul. You might be thinking, “A hospital you say? That doesn’t sound too exciting.” Well, this is a hospital unlike any other and nothing like you’ve ever seen before. The Hospital is no longer in use but has been transformed into a tourist destination. This is called the Sant Pau Modernista Precinct. The building has been classified as a World Heritage Site. The reason? This is one of the best examples of Barcelona’s incredible Art Nouveau or Modernisme movement in the city.

There is truly something spectacular to see around every corner. From fantastical stained glass, vibrant ceramic roofs, incredible mosaics and beautifully designed interiors, there are dozens and dozens of places in here to find amazing photographic opportunities. If you’re interested in a complete guided tour of the hospital check out my in-depth blog post!

#3 Park Guell

Park Guell is one of the most beautiful places in the world, and in Barcelona. Designed by the famous architect Antoni Gaudi, the park is made up of some of his most famous works. Including the incredible mosaic-tiled dragon. The park covers 31,500 square meters, crisscrossed with paths filled with Gaudi’s signature sculptures. It is one of the few places in Barcelona where you can really get a sense of Gaudi’s style. But, in the open air.

Park Guell was built as a private residence for Eusebi Guell. However, before he could finish it, he ran out of money and abandoned the project. Luckily the city council bought the land, and it was opened to the public in 1926. Since then, it has always been a popular attraction for both tourists and locals alike.

4. Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus

The Church of Sacred Heart on Mount Tibidabo is located on the top of one of the tallest peaks in Barcelona. It provides visitors with some of the best views across the city and surrounding countryside. In addition to the incredible locations is the giant statue of Jesus, which can be seen from most of the town, adding to this church’s infamous nature. The nearby Tibidabo Amusement Park is the oldest theme park in Spain and the second oldest in Europe. It is also worth a visit on your trip up the mountain. Whether you’re a fan of the church or the amusement park, this is one of the top must-see places in Barcelona if you’re a tourist.

#5 Casa Batlló 

Few venues in Barcelona encapsulate the city’s fascinating mix of influences better than Casa Batlló. This building is an icon, and its grand exterior, slick style, and intricate stonework gracefully illustrate Barcelona’s Art Nouveau style. The façade of this building is decorated with incredibly detailed and colourful ceramic tiling. The building is an absolute photographic masterpiece, with so many details to capture and a background that screams modernism! Casa Batlló is considered one of Gaudí’s best works due to its imaginative design and inventive functionality. It is one not to be missed when in Barcelona and, best of all, can be admired from the outside without having to enter or pay admission to admire the facade’s incredible beauty.

#6 Arc de Triomf de Barcelona

Arc de Triomf de Barcelona is an enormous triumphal arch built by Josep Vilaseca i Casanovas in 1888 for Barcelona World Fair. Back then, the gate served as the main access gate into the city. Today serves as the entrance to the great Ciutadella Park that now occupies the site of the world fair. The design of the arch is made in Neo-Mudéjar style, best known for its abstract-shaped geometric brick ornamentation. Standing in the center of the arch is the perfect photo opt for your trip to Barcelona.

#7 Parc de la Ciutadella

Parc de la Ciutadella is a large public park on the northeastern edge of the Barceloneta district. The enormous park spread out like a horseshoe over an area of 16 hectares. Spread across the park, there is a zoo, the Palace of the Parliament, a library, a few museums, and best of all, the Cascada.

The Cascada (waterfall or cascade in Spanish) was designed by Josep Fontsére and Antoni Gaudí in 1881 for Barcelona’s World Fair. The fountain was the park’s crowning glory and was meant to resemble the great Trevi Fountain in Rome. But the Trevi fountain can only be viewed, where this fountain can be explored along the path and stairways which lead around the structure. So many fantastic photo opportunities to be had along the way.

#8 Palau de la Música Catalana

The Palau de la Música Catalana is undoubtedly one of the world’s best-preserved and most ornate music halls. The Palau de la Música Catalana was built in 1905 for the Orfeó Català (Catalan Choral Society). It was this choral society that was also a leading force in the Catalan cultural movement. The Catalan style of architecture called ‘modernism’ was developed to support a new Catalan identity and closely resembles the art nouveau style.

The Palau de la Musica Catalana is such an important piece of the history of modernism, and a symbol of Catalan nationalist pride. It was made a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1997. Whether you have the chance to tour the interiors or just have time to view the outside, this place is a must-visit for any traveller to Barcelona. While the interiors are truly spectacular, the floral motifs and colour mosaic tiles stretch onto the exterior as well so everyone can see a slice of this fantastical concert hall.

#9 Barcelona Cathedral

While La Sagrada Familia is a modernist miracle, the Barcelona Cathedral is a gothic gem and truly a treasure unto itself and worth exploring in its entirety. Gaudi himself was inspired by this historic church upon designing La Sagrada Familia. Looking at this ornate neo-gothic facade, simply dripping in decorations, it is such a fantastic place to grab that photo op. This church really represents the overall iconic look of Barcelona’s famous gothic quarter.

10. Plaça Reial

Plaça Reial is located in the Gothic Quarter. It is a large public square built on the ruins of the Capuchin convent of Santa Madrona. The Convent was demolished in 1836 and transformed into this magnificent square in the 19th century. There is something about the yellow facades, cool fountains and bright green palm trees that feel quintessentially Catalonia. Interesting to know that the lampposts surrounding the square were actually designed by Antoni Gaudí.

#11 La Casa Padua

Hidden away in the northern neighbourhood of Gracia is this spectacular gem, La Casa Padua, or the ‘Red House.’ Although the background of the house is actually green, the iconic art nouveau floral motifs which swell and dance around the facade are all painted in bright red. The house was made by Catalan modernist architect Jeroni Granell i Manresa. Manresa designed the stained glass windows found inside the Palau de la Música Catalana and the Hospital Sant Pau Art Nouveau Site. The building the headquarters of a perfume factory until the 1970s. This seems almost too fitting as the facade feels almost like a parody or Disneyland versions of a Perfumerie! Standing in the doorway, you are absolutely transported to another time and place and makes for stunning photography.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Vegan Lifestyle in Madrid (@orlagh)

#12 Palau Güell

Palau Güell is a Modernista palace! It was designed by Antoni Gaudí for businessman Eusebi Güell (the same man who funded the building of Park Guell.) The house is located just steps from the massively touristy Las Ramblas street in the El Raval neighbourhood. The building is a construction of the ideals of Art Nouveau. This involves organic forms, asymmetry, fantastic ornamentation and a romantic vision of nature.

Every single room in the interior is a photographer’s dream. But the real show stopper comes on the roof where Gaudi’s iconic chimney with rightly colour ceramic tiles stands in front of the stunning views across Barcelona.

#12 Boqueria Market

La Boqueria Market is arguably one of the most famous food markets in all of Europe. It’s renowned for its food and especially for its seafood sellers, and it draws a lot of tourists every day. The market has been open since 1840. And over the years, it has become more than just a place to buy groceries. It’s a beautiful place to walk around and enjoy a peaceful morning or afternoon. Personally, I love market photographs. There is something about those bright-coloured fruits and veggies and the bustling atmosphere that feel so fabulously metropolitan and chic.

#13 Casa Vicens

Casa Vicens is my favourite of all of Gaudi’s houses in Barcelona. It was only recently opened up a museum for the public to explore! Located in the neighbourhood of Gràcia Casa Vicens was the first house designed by Gaudí. Perhaps because it was his first house, it feels the most experimental and youthful! In addition to the Art Nouveau styles of the time, Gaudi was inspired by Neo-Mudéjar architecture. Neo-Mudéjar is a type of Moorish Revival architecture that uses style elements such as horseshoe arches, arabesque tiling, and abstract-shaped brick ornamentations. All of which can be seen most prominently on the facade of the Casa Vicens.

This building represents the start of a new chapter in the history of architecture. In addition to being a gorgeous photographic backdrop, it is also such an essential piece of Barcelona’s iconagraphy.

While these are my favourite spots to visit, Barcelona is an absolute kaleidoscope of visual treasures. And there are wonderful sights to see around every corner! Let me know in the comments where your favourite spot in the city is!

Happy Travels, Adventurers!

The post 13 Most Instagrammable Spots You Need to Visit in Barcelona first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

This is my highlights tour but if you’re interested in a super in-depth guide, check out my ‘The Complete Guide to Visiting Gaudi’s Sagrada Familia‘.

Access

The Sagrada Familia is pretty easily accessible since it’s located in the centre of town. By metro, you just need to hop on the L5 line towards Sants Station. Upon getting out of the metro, simply follow the signs for the ‘Sagrada Familia.’ If you are arriving by bus, get on the H10 and get off at the València, Lepant stop. If you bought a Hop-On Hop-Off Bus ticket, these also all stop right in front of the church.

Tickets

As the Sagrada Familia is the most famous landmark in Barcelona, it draws in some shocking numbers daily. It’s no surprise that thousands of people enter their doors daily. To ensure you can experience this church easily, it’s always best to book your tickets in advance. You can buy your tickets online up to two months in advance, but I’d advise that you only book them about a week or two before your arrival unless you’re visiting during the holiday season.

When to Go?

When booking your ticket, you need to select a specific entry time. I’d recommend not leaving it too late at night since you want to give yourself plenty of time to explore before the church closes. I’d recommend booking your ticket an hour or two before sunset. That way, you can see the building in the light of day and enjoy the magnificent lighting effect of the sunset across the structure. The golden light inside the Basilica casts the most magical glow over the entire nave, and it feels like being transported to another earthly plane of existence.

Which ticket to buy?

There are basically four ticket types for visiting the Sagrada Familia

• Ticket with Audio Guide 26€
• Ticket with Guided Tour 30€
• Ticket with Audio Guide and Towers 36€

History of La Sagrada Familia

During the 19th century Barcelona, along with the rest of Europe, was undergoing a significant change. The church that had once held such immense power and authority over cities now lost its cultural influence with the growth of independent governments. Urban lifestyles were changing the way that Catalonians lived, and more and more, the church was becoming less and less a central part of their daily routine.

In 1866 the Spanish clergy created the Association of Devotees of Saint Joseph, who took it upon themselves to help bring back the relevance of faith and spirituality in Catalonia. They raised enough money to start construction on a wondrous temple, so spectacular and eye-catching that it would be the spot where pilgrims from all over the world would travel and which would encourage locals to come back into the fold. The church was dedicated to the Holy Family. The first architect of the church was Francisco de Paula del Villar y Lozano, but soon after construction started, he resigned. They then enlisted Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí. And that one decision would be the catalyst for the creation of what is now one of the greatest manmade wonders of the world.

About La Sagrada Familia

The Sagrada Familia is 4,500 square meters large, the size of an American football field, and when you see it in person, you can truly understand just how big that is. The Basilica’s layout is that of a traditional Latin cross design. The Latin cross design features five naves, a crossing, an apse and an exterior cloister-style ambulatory.

The exterior has three different facades, each a varied work of art whose imagery tells a story. Although not yet built, the tallest part of the church will be 172.5 meters tall, the highest point in the city but shorter than Montjuic Mountain (because no manmade building should exceed what God created). The church can hold 14,000 worshippers! That’s the size of a small city. Gaudí wanted to create a place where everyone in the city could gather in one place, making it feel like it was always open to whoever wanted to come in. A small church just wouldn’t have had the same effect.

#1. The Nativity Facade

This was the only part of the church which was entirely designed by Gaudi and which he almost saw finished as it was completed in 1935, just after his death. He was there almost daily overseeing the work, and it feels like the part of the church which is the most personal. The three porticos on the Nativity facade are each dedicated to a theological virtue of the three members of the Holy Family; Hope, Charity and Faith.

#2. The Tree of Life

At the top of one of the Nativity facade’s porticos stands the Tree of Life, a bright green cypress tree. The tree is one of the only colourful parts of the exterior, covered with polychrome. Polychrome decorates architectural elements, like pottery or sculpture, in various colours. The cypress tree symbolizes eternity since it’s an evergreen plant and never loses its leaves. Covering the tree are 21 white doves which fly out of their nests and into the sky. On the top of the tree, like a Christmas Star, is the red and white symbol of the holy trinity. The Greek cross formed the base of this symbol. The Greek cross combines the letters’ alpha’ and ‘omega,’ which mean the beginning and the end.

#3. The Charity Portico Vault

The vault in the Charity portico contains the scene of the Annunciation where the archangel Gabriel tells Mary that she is the chosen one who will bring the son of God into this world. Surrounding this petite scene are the signs of the zodiac depicted in constellations across the sky, just as they would have been on the night Jesus was born. Bands of rosary beads surround the scene.

Hanging around the rosary are medallions carved in stone representing the ‘Miraculous Medals’ you find around rosary bracelets. Above the Charity doorways, here is a chorus of angels. Each of them is a musician, playing instruments popular in both religious settings, like the lute, the violin and the harp, and instruments more accessible to the commoners, like the guitar, the bagpipes and the tambourine. Once more, this was a way of the common fold being able to see themselves in the divine. Running up between the two sets of stained glass windows behind the angels is the multi-pointed star of Bethlehem. This was the star that shone in the sky to announce the birth of Jesus.

#4. The Spires

Gaudi desired to make the Sagrada Familiar as the tallest building in Barcelona. He was inspired by stories of architects in medieval times who built their churches as the central figure in the city. These churches needed to be tall as they were often used as meeting points, a guiding light to those travelling into town. Their bell towers signal the beginning of the workday or even warn people of fires, earthquakes or other devastating events.

Gaudi wanted to implement this same idea, but just one tower wouldn’t suffice. He decided to far and away exceed anything created for basilicas before. His design called for eighteen spires, reaching up towards the heavens. The hollow and hole-filled design of the spires makes them look like a beehive or anthill, as the stone’s colour closely resembles the earth. But the hollow design was actually a form of lanterning, an architectural element that illuminates the church while also giving it enormous height and grandeur.

#5. The Rosary Portal

You’ll first pass through the Rosary Portal to enter the church’s interior. This incredible doorway is called the door of ‘Our Lady of the Rosary.’ In the tympanum above the doorway is the sculpture of the Virgin Mary holding a crowed baby Jesus. Mary also wears a crown, as she is the Queen of Heaven on Earth, but she is also symbolically crowned with an archway of roses on the portal above her. Since the rose is the symbol of purity is almost always hidden somewhere in depictions of the Virgin Mary. Above this doorway is a cupola lantern which perfectly lets in a ray of light which highlights Mary’s face. This effect is almost too beautiful, and it looks heavenly if you didn’t know the cupola was there.

#6. The Arborescent Columns

The interior of the church was meant to resemble a spiritual forest. Gaudi wanted it to feel like a retreat into nature. Gothic churches were revolutionary in creating openness and space; they wanted the interior to feel light and the high ceilings as if they were reaching up toward the heavens. Gaudi once more wanted to take this to the next level. He wanted to incorporate huge stained glass windows on either side, which meant they could not be load bearing, so that load had to be carried elsewhere.

Gaudi researched for years to develop this new concept called the ‘Arborescent Columns.’ Inspired by the strength and beauty of large trees, the columns tilt slightly about their height so they can withstand the roof load. They also split off in two directions, like the branches of a tree and also like a flying buttress to better support the vaults. You expect to see birds flying from branch to branch, making a nest for themselves at any time. And what better place to do it?!

#7. The Vaults

Gaudi combined classical Gothic architecture and Catalan art to create these star-like vaults on the roof, which light could easily pass through. The stars are formed by combining concave and convex hyperboloid shapes, which are critical systems used to disperse light and spread out the roof load. The shape of the stars also closely resembles the form of palm leaves, a powerful symbol in Christianity. Each vault centre is filled with a light diffuser decorated with colourful stained glass in various Christian symbols.

#8. Stained Glass Windows

Light is one of the strongest symbols of faith in Christianity, so it was crucial for Gaudi to bring as much natural as possible, the light of God, into the Basilica. Gaudi developed a new way of creating stained glass, comprised of three panes resulting in a mixture of tones and colours to cast a magical glow into the nave. The leading artist who created these windows was Vila-Grau. Vila-Grau used curved shapes to create abstract forms and ensured that the warm and cool tones were kept separate, resulting in this consistent light flow.

#9. The High Altar’s Baldachin

Over the high altar, we find the incredible sculptural masterpiece, the ‘baldachin.’ A baldachin is a large canopy in a heptagon shape with seven edges, traditionally placed over an altar. These sever corners represent the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit; wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety and fear of the Lord. Fifty little hanging lights illuminate the rim of the canopy. Around the rim springs grape vines and wheat, the symbols of the Eucharist. A ribbon around the baldachin writes out the Prayer of Glory in back-lit red and Gaudí-style lettering.

#10. The Choir Galleries

Above the nave is a separate space that houses the choir during church services. This area can hold over 1000 singers since Gaudi wanted their voices to fill this enormous temple. Gaudi thought the importance of acoustics in the building to be of the utmost importance as he loved music so much. It was one of the few ways he could unwind and relax. The hyperbolic vaulting he used throughout the church was made to reverberate the sound in a harmonious way and provide light.

#11. The Passion Facade

The final portion of the tour of the church is the Passion Facade. This facade is located on the side of the building where the sun sets, the darkness reflecting the ultimate sacrifice and death Jesus would incur. Compared with the ornate, natural forms of the Nativity Facade, the Passion Facade is gloomy, stark and restrained. Gaudi made sketches for this part of the church when he fell ill with a terrible sickness and almost passed away.

This illness was the closest to death Gaudi would ever come since his eventual death would sneak up on him. During this sickness, he was consumed with fear and poured all these emotions into the design of this part of the temple. While Gaudi died long before this part of the church began construction, architect Josep Maria Subirachs took up his mantle and made it his mission to create precisely what Gaudi had envisioned. Subirach’s figures are inspired by expressionism, in contrast to the realistic figures on the Nativity portal. There are over 100 figures depicted, grouped into 13 different scenes. They rise upwards in an S-shape, starting, in chronological order, with the last supper and ending in the crucifixion.

#12. The Gaudi Museum

Located in the basement of the cathedral is the Antoni Gaudi Workshop and Museum. Although many of the original documents and plans were destroyed when a bomb went off during the Civil War, this newly created space is where the city has taken it upon itself to conserve, restore and put on display pieces of the history of the construction of this church. You can find drawings, period photographs, ceremonial furniture and several scale model copies of the originals here. There is also a model of the original workshop where Gaudi would spend all this time.

Have you been here before? What was your favourite thing to see? If you’re on your way, let me know what you’re looking forward to the most.

Happy Travel Adventurers!

The post The Ultimate Highlight Tour of La Sagrada Familia, an Insider’s Guide to Barcelona first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

This is a very detailed guide, so I’ve been sure to make a table of contents for you in case you want to jump to a particular church area. This works great if you’re visiting and need more clarification on a certain area. If you’re looking for a shorter summary of what to see, check out my post on the ‘Top 12 Things to See.’ That guide is ideal if you’re pressed for time and want just the highlights tour!

Table Of Contents

1. Access & Admission
2. History
3. Sagrada Familia Design
4. The Nativity Facade
5. The Charity Portico
6. The Tree of Life
7. The Monumental Columns
8. Faith Portico
9. The Spires and Towers
10. The Cloisters
11. The Rosary Portal
12. The Interior Apse
13. The Arborescent Columns
14. The Crypt
15. The Passion Facade
16. The Glory Facade
17. The Schoolhouse
18. The Gaudi Museum

Access & Admission

The Sagrada Familia is pretty easily accessible since it’s located in the centre of town. By metro, you just need to hop on the L5 line towards Sants Station. Upon getting out of the metro, simply follow the signs for the ‘Sagrada Familia.’ If you are arriving by bus, get on the H10 and get off at the València, Lepant stop. If you bought a Hop-On Hop-Off Bus ticket, these also all stop right in front of the church.

When to Go?

When booking your ticket, you need to select a specific entry time. I’d recommend not leaving it too late. You want to give yourself plenty of time to explore before the church closes. I’d recommend booking your ticket an hour or two before sunset. That way, you can see the building in the light of day and enjoy the magnificent lighting effect of the sunset across the structure. The golden light inside the church casts the most magical glow over the entire nave. And it feels like being transported to another earthly plane of existence.

Tickets

As the Sagrada Familia is the most famous landmark in Barcelona, it draws in some shocking numbers daily. It’s no surprise that thousands of people enter their doors daily. Booking your tickets in advance is always best to ensure you can experience this church easily. You can buy your tickets online up to two months in advance. But I’d advise that you only book them about a week or two before your arrival unless you’re visiting during the holiday season.

Which ticket to buy?

There are basically four ticket types for visiting the Sagrada Familia:

• Basic Ticket 17€
• Audio Guide Ticket 25€
• Guided Tour Ticket 26€
• Audio Guide and Towers Ticket 32€

While I did enjoy my guided tour, and I’d usually strongly recommend them, I felt like the guide rushed us through the church. Fair enough, there is so much to see, and you only have them for an hour. But even still, it felt incomplete. Even though I could go back to what I felt I’d missed after the guided tour, there was so much to see that I wished I could have understood better. That’s why I created this blog!

This self-guided tour allows you to go at your own pace. You can sit and absorb what you’re seeing. Take a moment to just listen to the sounds around you. And learn about all the facets of the church. Plus, this free tour will save you a bit of money. While the towers are interesting to see and give a nice view over the city, there are betters views to be found for a much lower price. So I’d advise skipping them and instead focusing on looking into the building instead of out of it.

History

During the 19th century Barcelona, along with the rest of Europe, was undergoing a significant change. The church, which had once held such immense power and authority over cities, now lost its cultural influence with the growth of independent governments. Urban lifestyles were changing the way that Catalonians lived, and more and more, the church was becoming less and less a central part of their daily routine.

In 1866 the Spanish clergy created the Association of Devotees of Saint Joseph. They took it upon themselves to help bring back the relevance of faith and spirituality in Catalonia. They raised enough money to start construction on a wondrous temple. A church is so spectacular and eye-catching that it would be the spot where pilgrims from all over the world would travel and which would encourage locals to come back into the fold. The church was dedicated to the Holy Family. The first architect of the church was Francisco de Paula del Villar y Lozano. But soon after construction started, he resigned. They then enlisted Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí. And that one decision would be the catalyst for the creation of what is now one of the greatest man-made wonders of the world.

Master Architect Antoni Gaudi

Antoni Gaudí is the mastermind behind this incredible church design. Gaudí’s works can be seen all across Barcelona. And he was one, if not the most, influential artist who helped create the Modernism movement in Catalonia. Gaudí was inspired by neo-Gothic art, organic forms, and Oriental techniques, which can be seen throughout.

Gaudí’s style formed the artistic style of the city, and the critical piece to his portfolio is the Sagrada Familia. Gaudí’s greatest inspirations were nature and religion. In designing the Sagrada Familia, he combines these elements to near perfection. Gaudí’s aim in creating this Basilica was to link heaven and earth together. He was inspired by the nearby Montjuic Mountains’ shape and power over the valley. He wanted the church to feel like a new mountain sprung from the ground.

Gaudi’s Death

Gaudí was run down by a streetcar and died in 1926. Only a small portion of the Basilica had been built when he passed. Although his life was cut short, Gaudí knew he would never see the church finished. He looked back to the great medieval cathedrals which took hundreds of years to create. Some take over 100 years from start to completion. He put every ounce of creativity, innovation and imagination into the temple’s design. When he died, his revolutionary work would inspire the next architect who took over. Many people were surprised that Gaudí would set out to create something which would take so long to build; when asked why, Gaudí would always say, “My client is not in a hurry.” This is where he got the nickname “God’s Architect.”

Sagrada Familia Design

The Sagrada Familia is 4,500 square meters large. It’s the size of an American football field. And when you see it in person, you can truly understand how big it is. The Basilica’s layout is that of a traditional Latin cross design. The Latin cross design features five naves, a crossing, an apse and an exterior cloister-style ambulatory. The exterior has three different facades, each a varied work of art whose imagery tells a story.
Although not yet built, the tallest part of the church will be 172.5 meters tall. The highest point in the city but just shorter than Montjuic Mountain (because no man-made building should exceed what God created). The church can hold 14,000 worshippers! That’s the size of a small city. Gaudí wanted to create a place where everyone in the city could gather. Making it feel like it was always open to whoever wanted to come in. A small church just wouldn’t have had the same effect.

It’s important to highlight that, for our readers to understand Gaudi’s vision and references, we will be talking broadly about stories from the bible. And while not everyone who visits this church will be religious, the context will help you understand the meaning behind the construction. If you aren’t spiritual, just think of these citations as stories (or consider the real people who inspired those characters).

The Nativity Facade

To enter the Sagrada Familia these days, you’ll approach via the Nativity Facade. This was the only part of the church entirely designed by Gaudí. And he almost saw it finished as it was completed in 1935, just after his death. He was there almost daily overseeing the work, and it feels like the part of the church which is the most personal. The Nativity Facade has three entrances. One central and two lateral topped with four hollow bell towers, representing the four stripes of the Catalan flag. The Nativity facade faces the rising sun, as it represents the dawn of the life of Jesus Christ.

The three entrances on the Nativity facade are each dedicated to a theological virtue of the three members of the Holy Family; Hope, Charity and Faith. A portico is a triangular porch hanging over the church’s entrance. One of the most delightful little aspects of these entrances is the little details you might miss, so keep your eyes peeled.

One of these small details to notice when looking at the entire facade are the snowcaps carved into the stone. The snow is meant to look like it is melting off the tops of the hollows of the entrances. Gaudí used snow to remind the people of the festive Christmas season. So many aspects of Gaudí’s plans were drawn from historical architectural references. But others were meant to evoke a response for the common man. Something everyone can understand and evokes something within them.

Gaudi’s Gargoyles

Instead of gargoyles, which are so prevalent in neo-gothic architecture, you’ll find a different kind of creature which caps the various edges of the roofline on the Sagrada Familia. Gaudí chose to use reptiles and amphibians (like snails, frogs, chameleons and lizards.) These creatures crawl on the edges of the building. While gargoyles are mythical creatures, Gaudí chose to pick beasts from our world who are biblically associated with the lower ranks. Gaudi believed they served the same monstrous purpose as the gargoyles in Gothic churches. They are not decorative, but their open mouths are used to drain rainwater from the temple’s roof.

The Hope Portico

The Hope Portico, dedicated to Saint Joseph, is on the far left side of the facade. This portico depicts scenes of virtue in times of adversity. We’ll study this piece from the top of the entrance, continuing downwards, beginning with St. Joseph’s Pinnacle.

St. Joseph’s Pinnacle

St. Joseph’s Pinnacle is almost hard to make out. It’s so high up, and sculptures blend in with the rest of the stonework. The textures given to the exterior are designed to reflect the crags you find on Montserrat, the sacred mountain of Catalonia. Just below the climax of the Hope Portico, you’ll see the figure of Saint Joseph sitting inside a small boat. The boat is an important symbol. Saint Joseph helped navigate the Catholic church as the patriarch of the Holy Family.

On the ship’s helm are three emblematic objects; a dove, an anchor and a lantern. The dove symbolizes the holy spirit, the anchor signifies faith’s constant grounding, and the lamp implies the light the word of Jesus Christ provided to the faithful. It’s important to note that this carving of Saint Joseph is thought to resemble Gaudí himself. The sculptors decided after his untimely death to immortalize Gaudí in the church. Gaudí himself feels like a patriarchal figure to all those architects who would follow in his footsteps.

The Holy Marriage

Below the pinnacle, in the hollow of the top arch, we find a grouping of three people. This is the scene of the marriage of Saint Joseph to the Virgin Mary carried out by a high priest who stands in the centre. They kneel over a basket of roses that symbolize God’s love at work in the world. Blossoming below this sculptural group are luscious flowers reminiscent of those growing on the Nile banks. Egypt was where the holy family experienced so much fear and terror; eventually, they had to flee the country. But they fled not without hope, which is what this entrance is dedicated to remembering. Hanging amongst the flowers are stone-carved rosary beads. 59 beads surround most of the windows on the porticos. Another way in which Gaudí combined the physical act of prayer into his church.

The Tympanum

Above the doorway, in the Hope Portico, we have the tympanum, which contains scenes from Jesus’ childhood. These tender moments between the young Jesus make him much more human rather than godly. On the bottom right, we see the Holy Family with Mary and Joseph and an angel guide fleeing Egypt. In the centre, we see the child Jesus in his father’s arms. A single dove flies off into the distance below them. Amidst this scene of father and son is something which you might miss. A set of carpentry tools carved in stone. Jesus’ adolescence was spent being a carpenter’s apprentice. And it was lovely to see that human side of his life immortalized in stone.

Slaughter of the Innocents

On the right, we have one of the most violent scenes from the bible: the Slaughter of the Innocents. This display shows a Roman soldier tearing a child from their mother’s arms. Under the soldier’s feet are babies’ bodies who have already fallen to the soldier’s sword. Although this is hard to see, if you manage to look closely, you can see that the Roman soldier has six toes on one foot. A small detail but one denoting his monstrosity.

Although this is a sad scene, it’s an important historical moment. When hope was all that these people had to cling to survive. On this side, the edges of the entrance are formed into the shape of a chameleon. The chameleon is an animal that represents change, and change is what hope is based upon. The fact is that even in the darkest times, there will be light. Light is representative of change, and the turning of tides gives even the most lost hope.

The Charity Portico

The central and most crucial portico on the Nativity Facade is the Charity Portico. Jesus’ charitable nature was one of his most notable characteristics, yet this entrance is filled with scenes of the Virgin Mary. This reflects how those who nurture us pass on their core values and attributes. The textural treatment of this portico is slightly different than the others. The exterior is covered in design elements that resemble or call back to the stable in which Jesus was born. Animals, birds and various plants are hidden throughout the mass of ornamentations that swell over the pointed portico.

The Tree of Life

Again, starting from the top down, let’s first focus on the Tree of Life. The culminating part of this portico is capped with a polychrome-coated green cypress tree. Polychrome decorates architectural elements, like pottery or sculpture, in various colours. Gaudí originally intended for the entire Nativity facade to be polychromed. He believed that if every sculpture, face, plant and animal were painted, they would come to life in a much more realistic way. Unfortunately, the cost of this much exceeded the budget! And so, polychrome was used sparingly. But therein making where you see those colours that much more impactful.

Symbolism on the Tree

The cypress tree symbolizes eternity since it’s an evergreen plant and never loses its leaves. Covering the tree are 21 white doves that fly out of their nests and into the sky. On the top of the tree, like a Christmas Star, is the red and white symbol of the holy trinity. The Greek cross formed the base of this symbol. The Greek cross combines the letters’ alpha’ and ‘omega,’ which mean the beginning and the end. Atop the cross is the last white dove, its arms spread wide, resembling the shape of Jesus on the cross.

Two ladders are placed below the tree, representing our mortal desire to reach eternal life. Below the tree, you’ll see a pelican perched, her beak angeled toward two baby birds, ready to be fed. The pelican was once believed to be a symbol of the Eucharist as in ancient times, people thought the pelican opened its chest to feed its young, just like Christ offered up his own body to feed his disciples. Hidden beneath the young pelicans is a brightly coloured egg adorned with red and yellow glass. The egg is thought to represent either the birth of the universe or the symbol of Jesus’ resurrection.

Below the tree is a group of angels burning incense inside old vessels called ‘centers.’ Burning incense in the church is an ancient tradition representing the faithful’s prayers rising to heaven. The pinnacle’s stonework is covered in little bubbles, thought to represent the incense floating up toward the sky. It’s important to note that the angels here were actually sculpted by Gaudí himself.

The Crowning of Mary

Below the tree of life, we come to a small cave. Here we can see a little intimate scene of Jesus placing a copper crown atop the Virgin Mary’s head. Crowning her the Queen of Heaven on Earth. This was her reward for her ceaseless love for God and humanity. Despite what they had done to her beloved son. On the left, we see Saint Joseph there to witness the event. And on the right, we see the Holy Spirit represented as a man. The entire scene is set in front of one of the incredibly colourful stained glass rose windows. At certain times of the day, the glass seems to set the entire scene aglow with mystical light.

The Charity Vault

The vault in the Charity portico contains the scene of the Annunciation. We find the archangel Gabriel told Mary that she is the chosen one. Who will bring the son of God into this world? Surrounding this petite scene are the signs of the zodiac. And depictions of constellations across the sky. Just as they would have been on the night Jesus was born. Bands of rosary beads surround the scene. Hanging around the rosary are medallions carved in stone representing the ‘Miraculous Medals,’ which you find around rosary bracelets.

The Chorus of Angels

Above the Charity doorways, here is a chorus of angels. Each angel is a musician, playing popular instruments in religious settings. Instruments like the lute, the violin and the harp, the more common guitar, the bagpipes and the tambourine can all be found here. Once more, this was a way of the common fold being able to see themselves in the divine. Running up between the two sets of stained glass windows behind the angels is the multi-pointed star of Bethlehem. This was the star that shone in the sky to announce the birth of Jesus.

The Adorations

To the left of the double doorway, we can see sculptures of the Adoration of the Magi. And on the right, we have the Adorations of the Shepherds. Some scenes from the Nativity represent how Jesus’ arrival brought people from such disparate groups together. For me, this scene is especially poignant since I feel Gaudí achieved a similar reaction in the construction of this church. No matter if you are religious, spiritual or neither, this building still draws people from far and wide into its arms. And once they behold it for themselves, there is never a question of its outstanding cultural value.

The Monumental Columns

Three primary columns are located at the base of the church, each representing a member of the holy family. The one in the centre of the two charity doors is the Jesus’ Column, and the other two flanking the charity portico are dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph. On the very top of the central column is baby Jesus, being placed into a bassinet by his mother. His father looks on, as do an ox and mule, just like the Christmas carol. To the left of this scene is a small text inscription expressing “Gloria in Excelsis Deo,” a phrase spoken by the angels on the night Jesus was born.

Large palm leaves look like they’re supporting the group atop the column. Palm leaves are a symbol of victory in Roman culture, and the date fruits hanging from the leaves symbolize faith. Surrounding the column is a thick ribbon with inscriptions inlaid upon it. The form of ribbon almost looks like one side of a DNA strand. Fittingly, it is thought that the inscriptions on the fabric are Jesus’ genealogy dating back to Abraham. Halfway down the column, the stone is surrounded by dense iron mesh. If you peek through the mesh, you can make out the shape of the snake biting an apple, the symbol of original sin. The iron mesh traps the reptile from fleeing the garden and invading the pious world.

Carvings on the Column

Atop the two remaining columns flanking the sides of the Charity portico are a pair of angels playing long bronze trumpets announcing the birth of Jesus. The models for these sculptures were a group of military musicians who were good friends with Gaudi. The angels stand atop more palm leaves, covered in snow and dates. The centre of the columns is marked with an inscription, each inscribed with the names of those to whom they are dedicated to. At the bottom of the columns are carvings of a tortoise and a turtle, holding the entire weight of the column up. The turtle represents the land, and the tortoise the sea. Both of these animals are unchanging and, as such, are capable of being the foundation upon which this church is built.

At the bottom of the columns is the carving of a tortoise and, on the other, a turtle, holding the entire weight of the column up. The turtle represents the land, and the tortoise the sea. Both of these animals are unchanging and, as such, are capable of being the foundation upon which this church is built.

Faith Portico

The last of the tree porticos is on the far right-hand side, called the Faith Portico. This portico is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, yet most of the scenes here actually feature her son when he was a young boy and his life during adolescence.

While centred around Jesus, these scenes show Mary’s faith in God. Imagine being a mother and seeing your son grow up so innocent and kind, all the while knowing he will die for the sins of humanity, and you’ll be the one to bury him. It takes a strong woman to keep faith in this knowledge, and yet she persevered and, not only that, made sure to be the best mother she could be against all the odds. I think everyone can take something from this story into their own lives at times when they feel they perhaps have lost faith in themselves or the direction their lives are going.

Blessed Virgin’s Pinnacle

At the very top of the portico is the Blessed Virgin’s Pinnacle. The head of the pinnacle is capped with ears of wheat springing forth. These symbolize the bread Jesus shares with his disciples in the Last Supper. Below, in a small hollow cave, is a carving of a hand with an open eye in the centre. This is the symbol of divine providence, which represents God, who can see all and even perhaps influence the destiny of humankind. Vines and grapes intertwine all over this pinnacle, another symbolic element of the Last Supper.

In the centre of these vines is the figure of the Virgin Mary, her hands crossed over her chest and head leaning back, utter vulnerability and trust emitting through her language. Mary stands upon a three-pointed lamp, representing the light of the holy trinity. Below her figure, we can see Saint Joseph’s anagram, another little detail tieing these two people together consistently through the design, even when they are not physically together.

Jesus in Simon’s Arms

In the hollow at the top of the portico is Jesus in Simon’s arms in the temple of Jerusalem. Many parents would bring their children to the temple to be blessed. A bowl is at the bottom of the scene, and within it are two birds. But these are not doves as we’ve seen before, but are pigeons. Every parent needed to bring a sacrifice to the temple for their child to be blessed. Most people would bring a lamb to display wealth, but as Mary and Joseph were poor, they could only afford to bring two meagre pigeons.

Central Scene on the Faith Portico

Under the vault on the Faith portico is a beautiful rose window made up of multicoloured glass. Looking up from underneath the vault is the figure of Jesus seated in a chair, his hands raised towards the sky. On his left side is Saint John the Baptist. On the right is Saint Zachariah. These two scholars were some of Jesus’ best teachers and would shape how he would preach. Despite being his elders, they are seen here looking at Jesus with admiration and wonder. Below the scholars, right above the doorway, is the symbol of the heart of Jesus, surrounded by thorns and covered in bees who feast on the blood. A morbid foreshadowing of things to come.

On the left-hand side of the doorway, we can see the scene of the visitation of the Virgin Mary. Here we have Mary, pregnant with baby Jesus, visiting her cousin who at the same time was pregnant with the would-be Saint John the Baptist. In the scene on the right, we find Jesus as a young carpenter at his work table. In front of him are the figures of Mary and Joseph. Their faces are that of surprise, anguish and denial as they learn of their son’s fate for the first time. But Jesus remains unphased, working quietly on his carpentry, his posture slightly slumped, mirroring a more human figure who knows not yet of his divine destiny.

The Spires and Towers

Gaudi desired to make the Sagrada Familiar as the tallest building in Barcelona. He was inspired by stories of architects in medieval times who built their churches as the central figure in the city. These churches needed to be tall as they were often used as meeting points, a guiding light to those travelling into town. Their bell towers signal the beginning of the workday or even warn people of fires, earthquakes or other devastating events. Gaudi wanted to implement this same idea, but just one tower wouldn’t suffice. He decided to far and away exceed anything created for basilicas before.

Gaudi’s design called for eighteen spires, reaching up toward the heavens. The hollow and hole-filled design of the spires makes them look like a sort of beehive or anthill, as the stone’s colour so closely resembles the earth. But the hollow design was actually a form of lanterning, an architectural element that illuminates the church while also giving it enormous height and grandeur.

The Spires

The spires are representative, in ascending order of elevation, of the Twelve Apostles, the Virgin Mary, the four Evangelists and, tallest of all, Jesus Christ. The Evangelists’ spires were designed to be topped by sculptures of their corresponding symbols. A bull for Saint Luke, symbolizing sacrifice, service and strength. An angel stands for Saint Matthew, who represents Jesus’ human Incarnation, who, upon his death, became divine. An eagle sets off to soar in the representation of Saint John, as the eagle symbolizes a figure of the sky and the fact that Christians should look to their eternal fate instead of their mortal one. And finally, we have Saint Mark represented by a lion. Saint Mark’s beautiful gospels were thought to be the “voice of the one who cries in the wilderness,” like the roar of a lion.

Atop each of the spires along the perimeter of the church, over top of the cloisters, are a set of pinnacles. These are in various shapes, abstractions of elements of the bishop’s attire, such as the mitre, the ring, the cross and the staff. They are all decorated in rich tones of Murano glass which is much stronger than ceramics, so they can withstand the elements up high.

Jesus and Mary Towers

The Virgin Mary tower will be the widest right over the high altar. Her tower is currently finished, but its shape has already been a form of a cathedral. Her tower, once completed, will be crowned by the ‘morning star.’ This star is the guiding light that travellers use to find their way even in darkness, and the star is still visible even when the sun has risen at dawn.

The interior of her tower is made up of a large hyperboloid skylight which brings natural light into the presbytery. The hyperboloid will be covered in white tiles, the colour of purity, looking like a divine cyclone sucking in the light from above. The largest and tallest of the towers, the Jesus Christ Tower, has yet to be built, but once completed will be the most impressive of them all, reaching a height of 172.5 meters, capped with a Gaudí-style four-armed cross. The tower’s interior will act as a giant lantern since Gaudi wanted this part of the church to reflect the phrase Jesus spoke, “I am the light of the world.”

The Cimborio

At the top of the spires, you’ll find elaborately coloured and designed cimborio. A cimborio is a dome or a cupola from traditional Spanish architecture. Gaudi’s cimborio is more sculptural, with images of plants decorating the surface, specifically those plants connected to the Christian faith. We see ears of corn, wheat, cedar and lavender all swirling around. Gaudi also chose plants native to the Mediterranean or that once grew on the site where the church was built. Gaudi used his technique of trencadis cladding to ensure the tops were as colourful as possible so you could see them across the sky from all over town.

The Cloisters

As you enter the Nativity facade, you pass through those large doors and enter the cloisters surrounding the entire church. A traditional cloister was first used in monasteries and was meant “enclosure.” It was a covered walkway for the monks to use as a space of private contemplation. When cloisters were incorporated into cathedrals, they would run along one side of the church.

Gaudi used his cloisters in a revolutionary way; instead of just placing them on one side of the church, he wrapped them around the entirety of the Basilica. This was his solution to create separation or barrier between the church’s interior and the loud and obnoxious outside world. This resulted in a quieter interior and an almost zen-like atmosphere. A conventional monastery cloister would surround a garden. Because the interior here would be the church’s apse, Gaudi made sure that his interior still felt like a garden, like the of Eden. A mythical forest in the centre of town.

Cloisters and Light

Gaudi wanted to find a way to bring natural light into the interior of the church even though there were no windows that faced directly outside the apse. He did this through his ingenious redesign of the cloister windows. Gaudi went through two different variations in his light experiments. Both of which are still present to this day. The first was designed in 1890 and was based on the three ogival modules inspired by traditional Gothic architecture.

The secondary design done in 1919 was a more modern interpretation of Gaudi’s which looked less like Gothic art and was more inspired by nature. These circular windows, stacked in a triangular pyramid, looked like a honeycomb and fit better with the rest of the naturalist design across the temple. The cloisters also served another purpose. By having this area around the entirety of the church, Gaudi made it so that these galleries could be an area where people could move throughout the church quickly without interrupting the worship that was taking place inside.

The Bronze floral Doors

To enter the church, we must head back to the Charity portico and walk through the archway. The doors you pass on your way are made from polychrome bronze and designed by various plant species and covers and are ed in highly realistic insects. The paintwork on these doors is breathtaking and an introduction to the colours you’ll be wowed with inside.

The Rosary Portal

You’ll first pass through the Rosary Portal to enter the church’s interior. This incredible doorway is called the door of Our Lady of the Rosary. In the tympanum above the doorway is the sculpture of the Virgin Mary holding a crowed baby Jesus. Mary also wears a crown, as she is the Queen of Heaven on Earth, but she is also symbolically crowned with an archway of roses on the portal above her. Since the rose is the symbol of purity is almost always hidden somewhere in depictions of the Virgin Mary.

Above this doorway is a cupola lantern which perfectly lets in a ray of light that highlights Mary’s face. This effect is almost too beautiful, and if you didn’t know the cupola was there, it takes on looks heavenly side of the doorways are various sculptures of characters from the old testament.

On the bottom of the arches around the door are scenes dedicated to the theme of temptation. We see the temptation of woman, the death of Judas and the temptation of man. The temptation of man is the most surprising as it is symbolized by a fish-like devil offering a bomb to man. While you might not always associate the devil with bombs, this scene was of particular significance to the people of Barcelona. Bombs were heavily used during the Spanish civil war, and this particular artist was inspired to make this alteration after the bombing of Barcelona’s Liceo Theatre in 1893.

The Interior Apse

The floorplan of the Sagrada Familia is designed to replicate the traditional Latin cross, but Gaudi’s floorplan featured five naves, a large central one and four lateral naves. He also took it upon himself to widen the naves, therein creating an unparalleled vastness of space, which feels impossible to have in such a lavish interior. But with all this space, there had to be structure. Some way to keep the building from falling down without sacrificing that ethereal atmosphere.

The Arborescent Columns

The interior of the church was meant to resemble a spiritual forest. Gaudi wanted it to feel like a retreat into nature. Gothic churches were revolutionary in creating openness and space; they wanted the interior to feel light and the high ceilings as if they were reaching up toward the heavens. Gaudi once more wanted to take this to the next level. He wanted to incorporate huge stained glass windows on either side, which meant they could not be load-bearing, so that load had to be carried elsewhere.

Gaudi researched for years to develop this new concept he called the ‘Arborescent Columns.’ Inspired by the strength and beauty of large trees, the columns tilt slightly about their height so they can withstand the roof load. They also split off in two directions, like the branches of a tree and also like a flying buttress to better support the vaults. At any time, you expect to see birds flying from branch to branch, making a nest for themselves. And what better place to do it?!

36 Tree Columns

There are 36 columns in total with different heights and widths. The variation of these sizes makes them seem more unique and less man-made. Four materials were used to create the columns; porphyry, basalt, granite and Montjuic stone. The Porphyry columns support the vaults over the crossing and are the widest in diameter. They are the red-coloured columns which contain the Evangelists’ lights. The basalt columns have ten sides and are one of the most durable materials. The granite columns are blueish-grey in colour and are only eight-sided. The final columns are made from Montjuic stone and are the thinnest.

The Vaults

Gaudi combined classical Gothic architecture and Catalan art to create these star-like vaults on the roof, which light could easily pass through. The stars are formed by combining concave and convex hyperboloid shapes, which are systems used to disperse light and spread out the roof load of the stars also closely resemble the form of palm leaves, a powerful symbol in Christianity. Each vault centre is filled with a light diffuser decorated with colourful stained glass in various Christian symbols.

Natural Light

Light is one of the strongest symbols of faith in Christianity, so it was crucial to Gaudi to bring as much natural light as possible, the light of God, into the Basilica. Gaudi developed a new way of creating stained glass, comprised of three panes resulting in a mixture of tones and colours to cast a magical glow into the nave. The leading artist who created these windows was Vila-Grau. Vila-Grau used curved shapes to create abstract forms and ensured that the warm and cool tones were kept separate, resulting in this consistent light flow.

The Evangelist Capitals

Four Porphyry columns are capped with the Evangelists’ symbols, two on each side of the transept. The capitals are decorated with tetramorphs, the four angelic beings from Babylonian symbolism, which describe the vision of the Hebrew Prophet Ezekiel of the Evangelists. “As for the likeness of their faces, they four had the face of a man, and the face of a lion, on the right side: and they four had the face of an ox on the left side; they four also had the face of an eagle.” These capitals are lit from within to ensure they are always illuminated even when there isn’t any natural light.

The High Altar

When you enter the church, before looking up (although I know that’s really hard), take a look at the flooring. The shimmery golden tiles are accented with two thick red lines. One of the lines symbolizes the ‘Path of Humanity,’ which runs from the Glory facade to the apse, and the ‘Path of Jesus Christ,’ which runs from the Nativity to the Passion facade. Where the two lines meet is where we find the high altar. The meeting of the divine and the human in one place here inside the church. The high altar has a ceiling two meters taller than the rest of the nave to give it that little extra touch of gravitas.

Over the high altar, we find the incredible sculptural masterpiece called a baldachin. A baldachin is a large canopy in a heptagon shape with seven edges, traditionally placed over an altar. These sever corners represent the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit; wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety and fear of the Lord. Fifty little hanging lights illuminate the rim of the canopy. Around the rim springs grape vines and wheat, the symbols of the Eucharist. A ribbon around the baldachin writes out the Prayer of Glory in back-lit red and Gaudí-style lettering.

Saint Joseph Transept

Located on the Nativity side of the church is the Saint Joseph Transept, presided over by a large sculpture of Joseph himself. Joseph stands there prominently with a sceptre of lilies in his hand. Lilies represent his holiness and his celibate marriage to the Blessed Virgin. The walkway above the transept is made of dozens of Roman columns and is an easy way for the clergy to get around the church without interrupting the service. The stained glass windows featured on this wall are made of cool tones, and the morning light pours through this portion of the church.

One interesting aspect of studying stained glass is that the colours become denser and denser as we descend from the top down, letting in less and less light. This is so that the light is the brightest at the top, where you’ll find the divine, and lower to the ground, where we have humanity and slightly less light, creating a perfect space for meditation and reflection.

On the opposite side, facing the Passion Facade, is the Virgin Mary Transept. In the centre is the figure of the Virgin Mary under a simplistic, geometric star-shaped vault. Behind her is a beautiful example of abstract stained glass made by Joan Vila-Grau entitled ‘The Resurrection.’ This side faces the setting sun and is coloured with entirely warm tones, warm tones which make the heart feel full and content, expressing hope upon Jesus’ Resurrection.

The Apsidal Chapels

The apse has seven chapels dedicated to the seven gospels of Saint Joseph. These chapels are lit from above and by impressive stained glass windows. In between these panels are the adorable carving of angel heads peeking out from the walls.

The Great Doorway

This entrance, called the Great Doorway, will eventually be the main entrance into the church once the Glory facade is finished construction. The two solid bronze doors will open out into the facade, weighing over two thousand kilos! The designer of these doors is the same one who made the Passion Facade, Josep Maria Subirachs. The doorways are inscribed with the words “Give us this day our daily bread” in fifty different languages. Above the door is the abstracted sculpture of Saint Geroge, the patron saint of Catalonia.

The Choir Galleries

Above the nave is a separate space that houses the choir during church services. This area can hold over 1000 singers since Gaudi wanted their voices to fill this enormous temple. Gaudi thought the importance of acoustics in the building to be of the utmost importance as he loved music so much. It was one of the few ways he could unwind and relax. The hyperbolic vaulting he used throughout the church was made to reverberate the sound throughout the church in a harmonious way and provide light.

The Organ

The large pipe organ looks almost holographic in certain lights and has over 1,492 pipes. And what a sound it makes when played. Gaudi wanted this organ and the music of God it created to fill the nave like the ocean. Washing across the worshippers and visitors alike.

Winding Staircase

Gaudi didn’t ever want to break up the natural movement of the Basilica. No straight set of stairs would be acceptable. So Gaudi created these sets of winding staircases which the clergy could use to access the upper levels. The staircases are almost completely open, with some circular cutouts, similar to those in the cloisters, to ensure they are perfectly lit without artificial light.

The Crypt

As you walk along the back of the nave, behind the altar, be sure to look down and see if you can peek into the small peepholes which open up into the crypt. Head down to see the interior of this hidden part of the church. The crypt, located under the nave and high altar, holds 12 chapels. The roof of the crypt is supported by 22 ribbed cross vaults, each decorated with shimmering keystones. Some of the keystones are adorned with scenes from the bible. The central keystone with the gold-leafed carving of Mary’s Annunciation is the most impressive. The bright gold brings the smallest details to life, making this image shine like a star underground.

Chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel

You’ll find the Chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel inside the crypt. This chapel is of particular significance since it is where you’ll find Gaudi’s final resting place. Located on the far left-hand side of the front wall, his tomb is presided over by the Lady of Mount Carmel. Gaudi is laid to rest under a simple, jet-black tombstone.

Gaudi made it his mission to bring natural light into the otherwise darkened crypts. And he did so through those small holes in the vaults which bring light in from the nave. He also made sure to include a lot of vibrant stained glass. This created a feeling of lightness and brightness despite being underground. It is unlike any other crypt I’ve visited around the world. The stained glass within the crypt is decorated with images of angels, another interesting juxtaposition for a crypt since angels are generally found in the sky, whereas these ones are found buried under the foundation.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by José Luis Rodríguez Pineda (@joseluis661959)

The Passion Facade

The final portion of the tour of the church is the Passion Facade. This facade is located on the side of the building where the sun sets. The darkness reflects the ultimate sacrifice and death Jesus would incur. Compared with the ornate, natural forms of the Nativity Facade, the Passion Facade is gloomy, stark and restrained. Gaudi made sketches for this part of the church when he fell ill with a terrible sickness and almost passed away. This illness was the closest to death Gaudi would ever come since his eventual death would sneak up on him. During this sickness, he was consumed with fear. And he poured all these emotions into the design of this part of the temple.

While Gaudi died long before this part of the church began construction, architect Josep Maria Subirachs took up his mantle and made it his mission to create precisely what Gaudi had envisioned. Subirach’s figures are inspired by expressionism, in contrast to the realistic figures on the Nativity portal. There are over 100 figures depicted, grouped into 13 different scenes. They rise upwards in an S-shape, starting, in chronological order, with the last Supper and ending in the crucifixion.

Capping the facade is the pyramid-shaped pediment. This pediment is formed with eighteen bone-shaped pillars, which symbolize those who died. The columns of the Passion Facade reach out towards the street. Unlike a regular column which just goes straight up, they are placed at an angle. Seemingly drawing the viewer in from the outside.

Last Supper

In the bottom left corner, we see Subirachs’ interpretation of Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane during the Last Supper. All the faces we see here are gaunt and abstract. They seem less human, and each one appears to have an expression of sadness on their face. Jesus turns to his disciples to explain what will happen as Judas is off to the side, accepting the blood money for betraying his friend.

The Kiss of Judas

We then move to the scene where Juda kisses Jesus, indicating he is the man whom the Roman soldiers must arrest. In the bottom right corner of this scene, you’ll see the snarling face of a snake. The snake represents the devil as this reptile is regarded as one of the lowest terrestrial animals, closest to the devil’s lair. Besides the two men is a set of numbers on a grid called the ‘magic square.’ The magic square features a collection of numbers which, when added either along one row, one column or diagonally across, always add up the same number. In this case, the number is 33. 33 is the age at which it is thought that Jesus Christ died; it also contains the number 3 twice, which is the symbol of the holy trinity.

The Flagellation Column

On the main level, in the centre, we have the Flagellation Column. Bringing this scene almost at eye level with the visitors is a critical choice and, once more, brings humanity back to this otherwise godlike man. Everywhere else where Jesus is depicted, he is within a group, but here he is totally alone. An interesting detail is the three steps which lead up to the column, symbolizing the three days between Jesus’ crucifixion and the resurrection. Subirach used travertine marble to carve the column, the same stone used in all the buildings in ancient Rome.

The Bronze Doors

Three broad sets of bronze doors are set behind and on either side of the Flagellation Column. On the right, we have the Gethsemane door; in the centre is the Gospel door and on the left is the Coronation of Thorns. The main entrance used today into the church is through the Gospel door. This door contains thousands of raised letters with passages from various texts relating to the last days of Jesus’ life.

The Gethsemane door looks almost like a sketchbook. It combines text and images relating to the prayers Jesus’ made in the Garden of Gethsemane, pleading for God to change his mind and save his mortal life. The Coronation of Thorn’s door has two main scenes. One of the scenes depicts the soldiers presenting Jesus to Herod and Pontius Pilate and being crowned with thorns. The top scene is of the humiliation of the soldiers who tortured Jesus on the way to the cross.

The Denial of Peter & Ecce Homo and the Trial of Jesus

This sculpture depicts the three times Peter denied he knew Jesus, represented by three women. He wears a large sheet, a symbol of cowardice. In the next scene, we see Pilate presenting Jesus to the people. In the final scene, we see Pilate washing his hands as he announces to the crowd, “I am innocent of this man’s blood; see you to it.”

The Three Mary’s and Simon Cyrene

In the next vignette, we see the three Marys; The Virgin Mary, Mary Magdelene and Mary of Cleophas. On the ground is the fallen form of Jesus, and the man carrying the cross is actually Simon Cyrene, who helped Jesus take the cross to the sight of the crucifixion. It is thought that this man showed sympathy for Jesus as he walked, so the soldiers forced Cyrene to carry the cross, another example of the soldier’s cruelty. Now, Simon Cyrene is considered the patron saint of passersby.

Veronica and the Evangelist

Over the Gospel door, we find the scene where Jesus falls again. A woman named Veronica bends down to brush the blood off his face with a cloth, and when she removes it, the face of the Messiah is imprinted on it. The carving of Jesus’ face on the cloth is masterfully done, and no matter where the viewers go, Jesus’ eyes seem to follow. To the left of the group, you’ll see the legionnaires whose armour was made in the shape of Gaudi’s famous chimneys from Casa Milá, a little reference to Gaudi’s history.

Saint Longinus

The figure to the right of Veronica is a Roman soldier on horseback. This is Saint Longinus, who was a Roman general that stuck a spear into Jesus. Legend has it that Longinus was half blind, but when he speared Jesus, a drop of blood spurted into his eyes, and they were healed. Upon this miraculous healing, Longinus repented of his sins and converted to Christianity.

Soldiers Player Dice

We have a small group of Roman soldiers to the left of the crucifixion scene. They can be seen playing a dice game. The victor of this game would win Jesus Christ’s clothing and possessions. A heartless moment but another depiction of the cruelty of man.

The Crucifixion

The top of the facade is dominated by the form of Jesus Christ crucified on the cross. He is tied to a cross composed of two iron beams. The iron beam meets to form the shape of an “I.” This is thought to recall “INRI,” which in Latin stands for ‘Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum’ meaning ‘Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews, something which they nailed over Jesus on the cross as he lay dying. At his feet is the sobbing form of Mary Magdalene, while the Virgin Mary stands to the side, her face in her hands, consoled by St. John. At the base of the cross, we can make out a skull symbolizing Jesus’ final death. In the upper right corner, we can make out a full moon, as it is said that the night he died, there was a full moon.

The Burial

To the right of the Crucifixion scene, we have the burial of Christ. In this sculpture, we see Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus preparing and wrapping Jesus’ body to make it ready for the tomb. The image of Nicodemus is actually a self-portrait of the sculptor Subirachs. In the background is the Virgin Mary with an egg on her head, symbolizing the resurrection.

The Passion Vaults

Under the vaults of the Passion’s portico, when you look up, you’ll see a torn cloth hanging in front of a brightly coloured mosaic. The enormous torn fabric acts almost as a type of baldachin hanging beneath the cross. In the Temple of Jerusalem, there was always a large cloth that separated the holier areas of the temple from the ordinary people. At the very moment of Jesus’ death, it was said that this cloth split in two, bringing together common people and God as one. The glasswork is Venetian and contains texts and imagery relating to the resurrection. Unlike the rest of the facade, which is bleak and monotonous, this hidden bright spot is representative of the hope that Jesus’ resurrection gave the people, always present but hiding in the darkness.

The Glory Facade

The Glory facade is the one part of the church which has not begun construction. This side faces the midday sun when the sun is the brightest and therefore exemplifies the idea of Glory and Hope. The design of the Glory facade is made up of a series of large lanterns and a grouping of fluffy white clouds. The three types of clouds represent the Holy Trinity: the Father, Son and Holy Spirit, each inscribed with words of prayer. By entering this doorway, worshippers will have a sense of movement through the earthly plain into the divine heavens.

The Schoolhouse

Outside the Passion, the facade is a small building, a recreation of the 1909 original, which once served as the children’s schoolhouse. During the Basilica’s construction, there were so many workers that they needed a dedicated school to cater to their children. Gaudi made it his mission to educate these kids and create a beautiful place for them to do it. You can enter the old schoolhouse, study the Catalan vaulting technique he employed here, and study the classroom’s various details. You can even see some of the things the children studied during their time here.

The Gaudi Museum

Located in the basement of the cathedral is the Antoni Gaudi Workshop and Museum. Although many of the original documents and plans were destroyed when a bomb went off during the Civil War, this newly created space is where the city has taken it upon itself to conserve, restore and put on display pieces of the history of the construction of this church. You can find drawings, period photographs, ceremonial furniture and several scale model copies of the originals. There is also a model of the original workshop where Gaudi would spend all this time.

If you’ve made it all the way through, I commend you and know that I appreciate the time you took to understand the immense amount of history, art and cultural values instilled in this incredible temple. I genuinely wish I could spend every day here, and I hope your time visiting this space is just as magical as mine was.

Have you been here before? What was your favourite thing to see? If you’re on your way, let me know what you’re looking forward to the most.

Happy Travel Adventurers

The post The Ultimate Insider’s Self-Guided Tour of Gaudi’s Sagrada Familia in Barcelona first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.

History of Street Art in Barcelona

Graffiti in Barcelona will always be part of the city. The city became a center of fashion, design, art and creativity after the Olympics in 1992. The new art expression became popular in Barcelona. As a consequence, many Graffiti artists visited the city just to paint a part of the city.

Jordi and Miguel changed the urban art industry in 1994 when they created Montana Colors, the first store to sell spray cans. Barcelona and New York were the most popular cities for urban art until restrictions came along. New York carried out a project in 1990 that erased all Graffiti from the city and Barcelona, was next.

Restrictions for Urban Art in Barcelona 

When Barcelona became a touristic destination, people related Graffiti with vandalism and therefore, the “clean up” project was implemented. Barcelona’s Government banned Graffiti in 2006 and fines were charged up to 3,000€. Some artists started painting in private indoor spaces or decided to open art galleries. Others just left town due to these regulations. As a result, the old good days were over for Graffiti lovers in Barcelona. But that didn’t stop some of them from doing what they loved.

Graffiti in Barcelona Today

Even with the current Graffiti restrictions in Barcelona, you can still find amazing street art around the city. Artists continue to stand up and fight to express themselves through art as it’s only allowed in some authorized public spaces. You’ll certainly find Graffiti masterpieces in the following neighborhoods: el Raval, Gràcia, Poble Nou and Gothic Quarter.

Graffiti Tours

Graffiti Tours in Barcelona are now more popular within locals and tourists. The main objective is to promote urban art and provide their knowledge on this trendy topic. The good thing about Graffiti paintings is that you’ll always have something new to look at as it’s constantly changing!

Who is Barcelona Explorers?

Barcelona Explorers is the ultimate guide to the city with a local touch that everyone should know about! This up-to-date Barcelona Blog has travel tips, curiosities, attractions, off-the-beaten-paths, events, traditions and many more for you to explore.

Are you ready to explore?

The post The Best Outdoor Art Galleries in Spain, Discover the Incredible Street Art and Graffiti of Barcelona first appeared on The Creative Adventurer.